Chiyamiko chonse chikhale kwa Allah yemwe wachita Swalaat zisanu kukhala Faradhi kwa Asilamu usiku ndi masana. Ndipo Allah walimbikitsa anthu ake kuti asunge Swalaat m’buku lake lopatulika la Qur'an. Allah wapamwambamwamba wanena kuti:
حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ
"Sungani mokwanira Swalaat makamaka Swalaat yapakatikati; ndipo imilirani modzichepetsa kwa Allah." Sûrah Al-Baqarah Âyah 238
Mtendere ndi madalitso a Allah akhale pa Mthenga wake Muhammad (ﷺ) amene anati:
"Choyamba chomwe munthu adzamuwerengere nacho pa tsiku la Qiyama ndi Swalaat (Pemphero la tsiku ndi tsiku). Ngati adzapezeka kuti Swalaat yake (mapemphero ake) ndiabwino ndipo alandiridwa ndi Allah, ndiye kuti ntchito zake zonse zidzalandiridwanso. Ndipo ngati Swalaat yake inali yoonongeka ndiye kuti ntchito zake zonse zidzakhalanso zoonongeka".
Ndili wokondwa popereka uthenga womwe uli m’Bukuli kwa Asilamu anzanga, uthenga wachidule womwe ulinso ndi zithunzi kuti uthandize kuphunzitsa Swalaat. Ndachita izi nditaona kufunika kwake kwa maphunzirowa makamaka kwa anyamata ndi asungwana. Nthawi zambiri kumapezeka kuti anthu ochuluka sazindikira bwino kupemphera Swalaat pomwe Swalaat ndi nsanamira yaikulu m’Chisilamu. Choncho ndikupempha achinyamata kuti bukuli aliwerenge mofatsilira bwino kuti apeze phindu. Ndikupempha Allah Subuhanahu wa Ta'ala kuti alichite bukuli kukhala lothandiza ndinso kuti owerengawo apeze phindu.
مكانة الصلاة
Allah wanena kuti:
إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ كَانَتْ عَلَى الْمُؤْمِنِينَ كِتَابًا مَوْقُوتًا
"Ndithudi, Swalaat ndilamulo lokhala ndi nthawi kwa Okhulupilira." Sûrah Al Nisaai Âyah 103
Ndipo wapitilira ndikunenanso kuti;
إِنَّ الصَّلَاةَ تَنْهَى عَنِ الْفَحْشَاءِ وَالْمُنْكَرِ
"Ndithu Swalaat (ikapempheredwa moyenera) imamtchinjiriza (woipempherayo) kuzinthu zauve ndi zoipa." Sûrah Al-Ankabuti 45
Mthenga wa Allah (Madalitso ndi Mtendere wa Allah ukhale pa iye) anati;
“Kodi mukuona bwanji ngati mtsinje uli pakhomo pa m’modzi wa inu ndipo n’kumasamba m’menemo kasanu pa tsiku liri lonse, kodi lingatsale litsiro m’thupi mwake?” Omutsatira ake anayankha kuti: “Iyayi palibe chomwe chingatsalire pathupi lake”! anati: “(Mtsinjewo) tsopano uli ngati Swalaat zisanu; zimachotsa machimo a munthu amene akupemphera Swalaat (kasanu pa tsiku lirilonse)”. Bukhari ndi Muslim
N’chachidziwikire kuti Swalaat ndi nsanamira ya dini ya Chisilamu, ndipo inapangidwa monga chinthu chosiyanitsa pakati pa Msilamu ndi yemwe sali Msilamu chifukwa cha ulemerero wake (wa Swalaatyo) ndi kufunika kwake pamaso pa Allah.
Swalaat yopempheredwa bwino yomwe mkati mwake muli kuopa ndi kudzichepetsa pa maso pa Allah imayeretsa mtima wa munthu ndi kumuphunzitsa mwambo. Ndipo Swalaat imamuphunzitsanso munthu miyambo yosonyeza kudzichepetsa kwa Allah ndi zoyenera kumuchitira Iye.
Chimenechi ndicho chingwe chimene chimamulumikiza munthu ndi Allah. Kupemphera Swalaat ndichisonyezo chachikulu cha chikhulupiliro cha munthu kwa Allah ndi kuyamika kwake pa Mtendere umene munthu wapatsidwa ndi Allah.
حكم تارك الصلاة
Munthu ngati sapemphera Swalaat zisanu popanda chifukwa chenicheni chovomerezeka ndi Sharia monga tulo ndi kuiwala, ameneyo ndi Kafir (wokanila), kuchokera mu mawu a Mthenga wa Allah Muhammad Swalla Allahu alaih wasallam woti:
“Lonjezo lomwe lili pakati pathu lodziwitsa kuti ndife Asilamu ndi Swalaat n lipo chomve chimatidziwitsa kuti uyu ndi Kafir (wokanila) ndi kusiya Swalaat”
Mthenga wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anatinso:
“Kusiya Swalaat ndicho chinthu chomwe chimasonyeza ukafir wa munthu”.
Swalaat ndilamulo loyamba lomwe Allah analamula munthu kuti achite kumbali ya mapemphero (lbaadat). Swalaatyi inapangidwa Faradhi (kukhala chinthu chofunika kuchichita) pa Usiku wa Mi'raji pomwe Allah anayankhula ndi Mthenga wake pamaso ndi pamaso chifukwa chakufunika kwa Swalaat kwa Allah. Pachifukwa chimenechi, Mtumiki wa Allah analamula kuti munthu wosiya Swalaat ndi Kafir, wosokera, ndipo ali kutali ndi Chisilamu. Momwemo ndimomwe yalamulira Sharia ya Chisilamu za yemwe akudzitcha Msilamu pomwe akusiya lamulo lofunika kwambiri m’Chisilamu, lomwe ndi Swalaat. Tamverani abale anga a Chisilamu mau a m’Qur'an mmene akum'tchulira munthu wosiya Swalaat kuti Mujirim (munthu wochita zinthu zoipa), ndipo ikumuika m’gulu la anthu oipa. Allah wanena kuti:
كُلُّ نَفْسٍ بِمَا كَسَبَتْ رَهِينَةٌ * إِلَّا أَصْحَابَ الْيَمِينِ * فِي جَنَّاتٍ يَتَسَاءَلُونَ * عَنِ الْمُجْرِمِينَ ** مَا سَلَكَكُمْ فِي سَقَرَ * قَالُوا لَمْ نَكُ مِنَ الْمُصَلِّينَ
"Mzimu uliwonse ukakhala chikole ndi zimene udachita. Kupatula akudzanja lamanja (Asilamu amene adadzimasula okha potembenukira kwa Allah). (Iwo) adzakhala m'minda (yosasimbika kukongola kwake) akufunsana wina ndi mnzake; za anthu oipa, (kuti): "Nchiyani chakulowetsani ku Moto?" Adzanena: "Sitidali m'gulu la omwe adali kupemphera (Swalaat)" Sûrah Al Muddatthir Âyah 38-43
Tsopano monga tamverera m’mau a Qur'an, kusiya Swalaat ndichinthu chomwe chidzachititsa munthu kulowa kumoto; moto womwe sudzasiya m’nofu m’thupi la munthu. Ndipo udzasenda chikopa chonse chamunthu. Awa ndiwo malipiro a munthu yemwe anaphwanya ngodya za Chisilamu ndi kunyoza malamulo a Allah posatsatira chiphunzitso cha Buku loyera la Allah lomwe liri m’manja mwathu mpaka lero. Anthu oipa amanyozera lamulo limeneli. Akaitanidwa kuti akapemphere iwo amayankha kuti; “Chisilamu si Swalaat yokha. Ndipo ambiri omwe amapemphera Swalaat amatero uku mumtima mwawo muli mwakuda, ntchito zawonso zili zoipa. Koma ife amene sitikupemphera mitima yathu njoyera ndipo timachikonda chipembedzo cha Chisilamu kuposa anthu omwe akupemphera” Umo ndi m’mene anthu oipa amayankhira akafunsidwa kuti tikapemphere.
Ndizoonadi kuti Chisilamu sikupemphera kokha kapenanso kuyera mtima kokha ndi kukonda Chisilamucho mumtima basi. Koma chisilamu ndikuchita zinthu zonsezi pamodzi monga kudziyeretsa mumtima, kupemphera, kukwaniritsa chitano, kugwira ntchito zonse zoyenera monga kuchitira ena zabwino, kukachita Haji, kuyankhula liwu la Shahada (la chikhulupiliro), kupereka Zakaah, kusala m’mwezi wa Ramadhan ndi kuchita zonsezi m’chikondi cha Allah.
Chikhulupiliro ndichimene chimakhala mumtima mwa munthu. Ndipo chimatsimikizidwa ndi ntchito zomwe munthuyo akuchita. Inu abale a Chisilamu, munthu amene akudzitcha kuti ndi dokotala pamene ntchitoyo sakuigwira, ameneyo sidokotala. Kudzitcha dzina lokha popanda kugwira ntchito yake ndizosakwanira kwa munthu kuti apeze udindo wotere.
Chimodzimodzinso Msilamu amene amadzitcha kuti ndi Msilamu pamene ntchito za chisilamu sakuzichita ngakhale pang’ono. Inde, fanizo lina ndi la munthu yemwe akuuza anthu kuti ali pasukulu pomwe kusukulu kuja sapitako ndipo maphunziro ndi malamulo a sukulu iye sakuwadziwa. Kodi munthu wotere angapindule chiyani? Chopindula chake ndikuchotsedwa sukulu basi. Chonchonso kwa Msilamu wochita zinthu zosagwirizana ndi zofuna za Chisilamu, zotsatira zake ndi kuzichotsa mu Chisilamu ndikutchedwa Kafir, ngakhale kuti iyeyo anayankhula kuti akukhulupirira kuti palibenso wina woyenera kupembedzedwa koma Allah m’modzi, ndikuti Chisilamu ndi chipembedzo chake ndinso anatsimikiza kuti Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ndi Mthenga weni-weni wa Allah. Abale anzanga a Chisilamu, kuyankhula kokhako sikungakuchiteni inu kukhala Msilamu weniweni. Chofunika kwa ife pamwamba pa chikhulupiliro chimenechi ndi kugwira ntchito yogwirizana ndi Chikhulupiliro chathucho, potsatira malamulo onse a Allah omwe Msilamu ayenera kutsatira ndi kuchitanso zonse zimene Mthenga wa Allah, Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anali kuchita. Kutero ndikomwe kumam'chititsa munthu kukhala Msilamu weniweni.
Tsopano Swalaat ndi chinthu chachikulu m’chipembedzo cha Chisilamu popeza ndiyo imasonyeza kusiyana kwa pakati pa Msilamu ndi Kafir.
( شروط الصلاة )
· Munthu wofuna kupemphera ayenera kukhala Msilamu.
· Ayenera kukhala ndi nzeru. Osati wopenga kapena woledzela.
· Ayenera kukhala watha msinkhu wozindikira zinthu osati mwana.
· Ayenera kuchita twahara (kudziyeretsa).
· Kubisa maliseche. Tsopano kumbali ya mwamuna, maliseche ayambira pa mchombo kulekezera m’maondo (mabombono). Pomwe mkazi, maliseche ake ndi thupi lonse kupatula nkhope ndi manja basi.
· Swalaat iliyonse ipempheredwe pa nthawi yake chifukwa kupanda kutero ndiye kuti Swalaat imeneyo siingalandiridwe.
· Popemphera pafunika kulunjika nkhope ku Qibla. Kuteroku ndikuyang’ana ku nyumba yopatulika ya Allah yomwe ili mu mzinda wa Makka.
· Kuchita Niyyah (chitsimikizo mumtima.(
Kudziyeretsa kuyenera kuchitika pa thupi, nsalu zovala ndi pamalo popempherera. Kudziyeretsa kulipo magawo awiri:
(a) Kudziyeretsa kwa mumtima. Uku ndiko kudziyeretsa ku Shirk. Shirk ndi kum’phatikiza Allah ndi chinthu china pa mapemphero, ndipo zotere sizifunika ngakhale pang’ono. Kudziyeretsa ku chikaiko chomukaikira Allah. Kudziyeretsa ku chinyengo (Nifaq). Nifaq ndi kuwonetsa chikhulupiliro kwa anthu ndi kubisa kusakhulupirira. Kudziyeretsa ku Riyau. Uku ndiko kuchita chinthu kuti anthu akutame. Kudziyeretsa ku Hasadi. Uku ndikuchitira nsanje (Njiru) anthu ena. Ndiponso kudziyeretsa ku zina zotero.
(b) Kudziyeretsa kwa pathupi. Zovala ndi pamalo opempherera monga tatchula kale. Kudziyeretsa thupiku; timadziyeretsa ku uve. Uvewu ulipo waukulu ndi waung’ono.
Uve waung'ono: Ichi ndicho chimam'chititsa munthu kuti achite Wudhu pachifukwa chwoti m’njira zake ziwiri zachilengedwe mwatuluka chinthu, monga mkodzo, mpweya ndi chimbudzi.
Uve waukulu: Ichi ndicho chimam'chititsa munthu kuti asambe thupi lonse, monga kugonana pakati pa mwamuna ndi mkazi kapena kudzilotera kutulo, pambuyo pakutha msambo kapena uchembere (kwa akazi).
Kusamba ndikusambitsa thupi lonse ndi madzi oyera a (Twahara), pamodzi ndi mu tsitsi, mu zikhadabo, mu mphuno ndi mu makutu.
Mulabweretsa madzi osamba, chitani Niyyah (chitsimikizo) mumtima kuti mukusamba ndi cholinga chwoti muchotse uve waukulu. NdiSunnah musanayambe chinthu chiri chonse, kusamba m’manja mwanu katatu. Kenaka sambitsani kumaliseche. Kutha izo, chitani Wudhu monga mumachitira pokapemphere. Pambuyo pakutero, tungani madzi ndi manja awiri kuthira pamutu katatu mpaka madziwo alowerere mkati mwa tsitsi ndikulipesa tsitsilo ndi zala kuti madziwo alowe ndithu. Kenako thirani madzi thupi lonse. Ndipo ndi Sunnah kutsulukuta thupi ndi manja onse awiri. Zikatere ndiye kuti kusamba kuja kwakwanira. Kusamba ndichinthu chomwe chimachititsa thupi la munthu kuti likhale la moyo wabwino ndi lochangamuka.
الوضوء
Allah wa pamwambamwamba ananena kuti:
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا قُمْتُمْ إِلَى الصَّلَاةِ فَاغْسِلُوا وُجُوهَكُمْ وَأَيْدِيَكُمْ إِلَى الْمَرَافِقِ وَامْسَحُوا بِرُءُوسِكُمْ وَأَرْجُلَكُمْ إِلَى الْكَعْبَيْنِ
E inu amene mwakhulupilira! Pamene mwaimilira kuti mukapemphere, sambitsani nkhope zanu, ndi manja anu mpaka m'magongono; ndipo pakani madzi pamitu panu ndi kusambitsa mapazi anu mpaka muakakolo… Sûrah Al Maaidah Âyah 6
Chifukwa cha mau awa ochokera m’Qur'an, Wudhu ndi Faradhi. Ndipo popanda Wudhu Swalaat siingatheke. Sibwino munthu kukapemphera Swalaat pokhapokha atachita Wudhu. Kupemphera wopanda Wudhu ndi tchimo lalikulu ndipo Swalaatyo silandiridwa.
كيفية الوضوء
Mukatenga madzi ochitira Wudhu, chitani Niyyah (chitsimikizo) mumtima, kuti mukudziyeretsa ku uve waung'ono. Pambuyo pake nenani Bisimillah, ndipo Wudhu umachitika mu ndondomeko monga mukuonera pa zithunzizi:
M’dzina la Allah Wachifundo chambiri, Wachisoni chosatha; Sambani manja katatu mpaka m’malungiro.
Tungani madzi ndi dzanja lanu la manja ndikuthira m’kamwa ndipo chukuchani katatu.
Thirani madzi m’mphuno ndi kutsukamo katatu pomina.
Sambitsani nkhope yanu katatu. Ndipo onetsetsani kuti madzi akwanira nkhope yonse kuyambira momwe mwathera tsitsi kufikira ku chibwano mulitali, ndiponso kuchokera kukhutu mpaka ku khutu lina mu lifupi.
Sambitsani mkono wanu wakumanja, kenako wakumanzere mpaka m’kasukusuku kokwanira katatu.
Tengani madzi ndimanja anu ndikupaka pamutu kuyambira kutsogolo mpaka kunkhongo kapena kungopaka hafu (theka) ya mutuwo kamodzi basi.
Pakani madzi makutu anu kunja ndi mkati pogwiritsa ntchito zala ziwiri. Chala chachikulu chipake kunja kwa makutu pomwe chala cha m’komba phala chipake mkati mwa makutuwo
Tsukani phazi lanu lakumanja, kenako lakumanzere mpaka nı’malungiro kokwanira katatu. Ndipo onetsetsani kuti madzi alowerera m’mphyakamphyaka mwa zala ndinso m’ming’alu [zikang’a]
سنن الوضوء
Pochita Wudhu ndiSunnah kuyambira kumanja ndi kumalizira kumanzere ndiponso kuchita mswaki (Miswaki). Kuchita mswaki (kutsuka m’kamwa) ndikofunika kuchita nthawi iriyonse, kuonjezera pakuchita Wudhu malinga munthu ukaona kuti mkamwa simuli bwino. Ndipo ndiSunnah kunena mau awa pambuyo pakutha kuchita Wudhu:
أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له وأشهد أن محمدًا عبده ورسوله، اللهم اجعلني من التوابين واجعلني من المتطهرين.
Ashhadu an- La illa Allahu wahadahu la Sharika lahu, wa Ash’hadu anna Muhammadan 'Abduhu wa Rasuluhu. Allahumma-jialni mina ttawwaabina, wajialini minal mutatwahhirina.
Tanthauzo lake: "Ndikuikira umboni kuti palibe wina wopembedzedwa m’choonadi koma Allah, (Mulungu) Mmodzi yekha. Ndipo ndikuikira umboni kuti Muhammad ndi kapolo wake ndiponso Mthenga wake. Ee Allah, ndichiteni ine (kukhala) m’modzi wa anthu olapa (machimo), ndichiteninso kukhala m’modzi wa anthu odziyeretsa."
Wudhu umaonongeka ndi zinthu zatchulidwa pansipa ndipo ndi wajibu (koyenera) kuchitanso Wudhu wina panthawi imeneyo:
1. Kutuluka chinthu chirichonse kupyolera m’njira ziwiri, zachilengedwe zomwe munthu amadzithandizira.
Chitsanzo: Kutuluka mphepo, mkodzo, chimbudzi ndi zina zotero.
2. Kugona tulo tofa nato.
3. Kukomoka. Uku ndiko kuchokedwa nzeru mwachifukwa chirichonse kaya khunyu ndi zina zotero.
4. Kugwira ku maliseche ndi dzanja popanda chotchinjiriza monga nsalu.
الأذان
Swalaat iliyonse imatsogoleredwa ndi Adhana ndicholinga chowadziwitsa anthu kuti nthawi yoswalira yakwana. Ndipo Adhanayi ndi wajibu (yokakamiza) kuichita nthawi ya Swalaat iliyonse ikakwana:
Mawu a Adhana ndi awa:
الله أكبر، الله أكبر، الله أكبر، الله أكبر
أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله، أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله
أشهد أن محمدًا رسول الله، أشهد أن محمدًا رسول الله
حي على الصلاة، حي على الصلاة
حي على الفلاح، حي على الفلاح
الله أكبر، الله أكبر
لا إله إلا الله
Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar.
Ash’hadu an laa ilaha illa Allah, Ash’hadu an laa ilaha illa Allah.
Ash’hadu anna Muhammadan-rasulullah,
Ash’hadu anna Muhammadan-rasulullah.
Hayya 'ala SSwalaat, Hayya 'ala SSwalaath.
Hayya aalal-Falaah, Hayya aalal-Falaah.
Allahu Akbar Allahu Akbar.
La-illaha illa llah
Ndipo ngati Adhanayo ndiya nthawi ya Subhi, pambuyo pa Hayya 'alal falaah. awonjezere mau woti:
الصلاة خير من النوم
AsSwalaatu khairun mina nnawm, AsSwalaatu khairun mina nnawm,
Allah ndi Wamkulu, Allah ndi Wamkulu, Allah ndi Wamkulu, Allah ndi Wamkulu.
Ndikuikira umboni kuti palibe wina wopembedzedwa m'choonadi koma Allah, ndikuyikira umboni kuti palibe wina wopembedzedwa m'choonadi koma Allah.
Ndikuikira umboni kuti Muhammad ndi Mthenga wa Allah, ndikuikira umboni kuti Muhammad ndi Mthenga wa Allah.
Bwerani ku mapemphero, bwerani ku mapemphero.
Bwerani ku chipulumutso, bwerani ku chipulumutso
Allah ndi Wamkulu, Allah ndi Wamkulu.
Palibe wina wopembedzedwa m'choonadi koma Allah.
Pa mau owonjezera pa Adhana ya Subhi aja, tanthauzo lake ndi iri: Swalaat ndiyabwino kuposa tulo, Swalaat ndiyabwino kuposa tulo.
Pambuyo pa kuchita Adhana pamachitika Iqaama yomwe ndikudzutsa anthu kuti ayambe kupemphera.
Mawu ake ndi awa:
Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar.
Ash’hadu an laa ilaaha illa Allah,
Ash’hadu anna Muhammadan rasulullah.
Hayya 'ala SSwalaat, hayya 'alal falaah
Qad qaamat SSwalaat, qad qaamat SSwalaat
Allahu Akbar, Allahu Akbar
Laa ilaaha illa Allah
Ndipo mawu woti:
Qad qaamat SSwalaat, akutanthauza kuti Swalaat ikuyambika
Yambani Swalaat yanu pakuchita Takbiratul Ihirami mutanyamula manja anu mpaka m’mapewa uku mukunena kuti:
Allahu Akbar. (الله أكبر)
Ndipo liwu loti Allaahu Akbar ndilo Takbiratul Ihirami.
Ikani mkono wanu wakumanja pamwamba pamkono wakumanzere pa chifuwa chanu. Ndipo nenani chamumtima dua ya Istiftaah (dua yotsekulira):
سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك وتبارك اسمك وتعالى جدك وجل ثناؤك ولا إله غيرك
Subuhanaka Allahumma, wa bihamdika, wa tabaarakasmuka, wa ta'ala jaduka, wa jalla thanaauka, wa lailaaha ghairuka.
Tanthauzo lake: “Inu Ambuye Allah Woyera, ndikuyamikani. Dzina lanu lidalitsike, Ulemerero wanu ngwapamwambamwamba. Palibe wina wopembedzedwa muchoonadi kuposa inu.”
Pambuyo pa zimenezi pemphani Allah kuti akutchinjirizeni kwa satana ponena mawu awa:
أعوذ بالله من الشيطان الرجيم
Audhu billahi mina Shaitwan Rajim.
Tanthauzo lake: “Ndikuzitchinjiriza mwa Allah kwa satana mdyerekezi.”
Kenaka nenani mawu awa:
بسم الله الرحمن الرحيم
Bisimi llahi Rahman Rahimi
Tanthauzo lake: “M'dzina la Allah, Wachifundo chambiri, Wachisoni chosatha.”
Pambuyo pa zimenezi, werengani SûrahAl-Faatiha motere:
بِسْمِ اللَّـهِ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ﴿١﴾ الْحَمْدُ لِلَّـهِ رَبِّ الْعَالَمِينَ ﴿٢﴾ الرَّحْمَـٰنِ الرَّحِيمِ ﴿٣﴾ مَالِكِ يَوْمِ الدِّينِ ﴿٤﴾إِيَّاكَ نَعْبُدُ وَإِيَّاكَ نَسْتَعِينُ ﴿٥﴾ اهْدِنَا الصِّرَاطَ الْمُسْتَقِيمَ ﴿٦﴾صِرَاطَ الَّذِينَ أَنْعَمْتَ عَلَيْهِمْ غَيْرِ الْمَغْضُوبِ عَلَيْهِمْ وَلَا الضَّالِّينَ ﴿٧﴾
Alhamdu lillah Rabbil aalamin. Arrahmaan Rraheem. Maalik yawmi ddeen. Iyyaaka na'budu wa iyyaaka nasta'een. Ihdina sswiratwal mustaqeem. Swiraatwa lladheena an'amta 'alayhim, ghayril maghdhoobi 'alayhim wala dhwaalleen.
Tanthauzo lake: “Kutamandidwa konse ndi kwa Allah Mbuye wa zolengedwa zonse. Wachifundo chambiri, Wachisoni chosatha. Mwini tsiku la chiweruziro. Inu nokha tikukupembedzani, ndiponso Inu Nokha tikukupemphani chithandizo. Tiongolereni kunjira yoongoka. Njira ya omwe mudawapatsa chisomo; osati ya amene adakwiyiridwa (ndi Inu), osatinso ya omwe adasokera.”
Pambuyo powerenga Sûrah Al-Faatiha, werengani Sûrah iliyonse ya m’Qur'an pa raka ziwiri zoyambilira zokha basi. Koma (Sûrat) Al-Faatiha iyenera kuwerengedwa pa raka iliyonse.
Mukamaliza kuwerenga Sûrah Al-Faatiha ndi Sûrahina, nenani Allahu Akbar, ndikuwerama pogwira m’maondo ndimanja anu. Mukatero nenani mawu awa:
سبحان ربي العظيم
Subhaana Rabbiyal 'Adhwim (katatu)
Tanthauzo lake: “Mbuye wanga (Allah) ndi Woyera ndinso Wamkulu.”
Weremukani uku mukunena mawu awa:
سمع الله لمن حمده
Sami'a Allaahu liman hamidah
Tanthauzo lake: “Allah wamumva yemwe akumtamnda Iye”
Ndipo muli chiimire nenani kuti:
ربنا ولك الحمد
Rabbana walakalhamdu.
Tanthauzo lake: “Mbuye wathu chiyamiko ndi chanu.”
Weramani uku mukunena kuti: Allahu Akbar, ndi kuika maondo pansi, kenako manja, mphumi ndi mphuno, ndipo kutero kumatchedwa kuti Sijida. Tsopano nenani mawu awa:
سبحان ربي الأعلى
Subhaana Rabbiyal Aala (katatu)
Tanthauzo lake: “Mbuye wanga ndinu woyera ndinso wapamwambamwamba.”
Pambuyo pakuchita Sijda dzutsani mutu uku mukunena kuti: Allahu Akbaru. Ndipo khalirani mwendo wakumanzere ndikutukula wakumanja.
Nenani mawu awa:
رب اغفر لي
Rabbi ghfir lii
Tanthauzo lake: “Mbuye Wanga ndikhululukireni.”
Chitaninso Sijda kachiwiri uku mukunena kuti: Allahu Akbar, ndipo nenani mawu aja woti:
سبحان ربي الأعلى
Subhaana Rabbiyal A'ala (katatu)
Pambuyo pomaliza Sijda yachiwiri, imilirani uku mukunena kuti: Allahu Akbar. Pamenepa ndiye kuti mwamaliza raka yoyamba.
Mukaimanso kachiwiri werenganinso Sûrah Al-Faatiha ndi Sûrah ina iliyonse ya m’Qur'an. Kenako weramani ndi kugwira m’maondo. Ndipo weramukani ndi kuima pang’ono. Kutha apo weramani ndikuchita Sijda monga muja munachitira muraka yoyamba ndiponso chimodzimodzi ndi mawu ake.
Pa nthawi yomwe mukudzutsa mutu pa sijda yachiwiri, muyenera kukhala monga muja munakhanzikilira panthawi ija yapakati pa Sijda ziwiri.
Muli chikhalire, werengani Attahiyyaatu pamodzi ndi Swalaatu al Ibrahimiya ngati Swalaatiyo iri ya maraka awiri, monga Subhi. Koma ngati Swalaatiyo ndi ya maraka atatu kapena anayi, musawerenge Swalaatu al Ibrahimiya kumapeto kwa raka yachiwiri.
Pomwe mukuwere Attahiyyaatu, ndipo mukafika pa liwu lwoti: Ash'hadu an laa ilaaha illa Allahu wa ash'hadu anna Muhammadan 'abduhu wa Rasuluhu, tukulani chala chanu cha mkombaphala (chala cha shahaadah).
Attahiyyaatu ndimawu awa: -
التحيات لله والصلوات الطيبات. السلام عليك أيها النبي ورحمة الله وبركاته السلام علينا وعلى عباد الله الصالحين، أشهد أن لا إله لا الله وأشهد أن محمدا عبده و رسوله.
اللهم صل على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما صليت على إبراهيم وعلى آل إبراهيم وبارك على محمد وعلى آل محمد كما باركت على إبراهيم وعلى آل ابراهيم أنك حميد مجيد..
Attahiyyaatu Lillahi, wa SSwalaatwaatu wa Twayyibaatu, Assalamu 'alayika ayyuha Nnabbiyu wa Rahmatu Llahi wa Barakaatuhu, Assalaamu 'alainawa wa 'aala Ibaadillaahi Sswalihina, ash'hadu an laa ilaaha illa Allah wa Ash'hadu anna Muhammadan 'abduhu wa Rasuluhu (pamenepo ndipo potukulira chala cha mkombaphala chija.) Allahuma Swalli 'aala Muhammad wa 'alaa aali Muhammad, kamaa Swallaita 'alaa Ibrahima wa aaala aali Ibrahima. Wabaarik 'ala Muhammad wa 'alaa ali Muhammad kama baarakta 'alaa Ibrahima wa 'alaa ali Ibrahima innaka Hamidun Majid.
Tanthauzo lake: Ulemelero, mapemphero, ndi zabwino zonse ndi za Allah. Mtendere ukhale pa inu, ee Mtumiki wa Allah ndinso chisoni chake ndi madalitso ake. Mtendere ukhalenso pa ife ndi akapolo a Allah amene ali abwino. Ndikuikira umboni kuti palibe wina wopembedzedwa mwa choonadi koma Allah. Ndipo ndikuikiranso umboni woona kuti Muhammad ndi kapolo wake ndinso Mthenga wake. Ambuye Allah chisoni chanu chikhale pa Muhammad ndi banja lake monga munam'chitira chisoni Ibrahim ndi banja lake. Dalitsani Muhammad ndi banja lake monga munadalitsira Ibrahim ndi banja lake pa zolengedwa zonse, ndithu inuyo ndiye woyamikidwa ndikulemekezedwa.
Mukatha kuwerenga Attahiyyaatu yang’anani mbali yakumanja uku mukunena kuti:
السلام عليكم ورحمة الله
Assalaam 'alaykum wa Rahmatullah
Kenako yan’anani mbali yakumanzere uku mukunenanso mawu aja woti:
السلام عليكم ورحمة الله
Assalaam ‘alaykum wa Rahmatullah.
Nthawi yake ndikuyambira pamene imatuluka Fajr (imeneyi ndi nyenyezi yaku m’bandakucha). Ndipo nthawi ya Swalaatyi imatha pa nthawi ya kutuluka kwa dzuwa. Ngati mutauka pambuyo pwoti dzuwa latuluka kale, ndiwajibu kupemphera nthawi yomweyo ndi niyya ya kadhaa (kubweza). Koma musachite zoterezi mwadala. Swalaat imeneyi iri ndi maraka awiri, ndipo kapempheredwe kake kali motere:
Werengani Sûrah Al-Faatiha ndi Sûrah zina za m’Qur'an m’maraka awiriwo, ndipo werenganinso Attahiyyaatu mokwaniritsa.
Nthawi yake ndikuyambira dzuwa likapendeka mpaka patatsala pang’ono kukwana nthawi ya Asr. Maraka ake ndi anayi ndipo kapempheredwe kake kali motere:
Werengani Sûrah Al-Faatiha ndi Sûrah zina za m’Qur'an m'maraka awiri oyambilira. Ndipo musanaimenso kupemphera Raka yachitatu werengani Attahiyyaatu mpaka kulekezera pa mawu woti;
Ash'hadu an laa ilaaha illa Allaahu wa ash'hadu anna Muhammadan Rasulullah. Pambuyo pake imani ndikupemphera maraka awiri. Kenako khalani ndikuwerenga Attahiyyaatu yonse. Ndipo malizani ndi kupereka Salaam.
Nthawi yake imayambira pomwe chithunzithunzi cha chinthu chilichonse chifanana kutalika kwake ndi chinthucho. Raka za Swalaatyi ndi zinayi. Kapempheredwe kake ndi chimodzimodzi ndi Swalaat ya Al-Dhuhr.
Nthawi yake ndi kuyambira pomwe dzuwa langolowa kulekezera pomwe mitambo yofiira yachoka. Swalaatyi ndibwino kuipemphera mofulumira chifukwa cha kuchepa kwanthawi yake. Raka zake zilipo zitatu. Ndipo kapempheredwe kake n’kotere:
Werengani Al-Faatiha ndi Sûrah zina zazifupi za m’Qur'an pa maraka awiri oyamba. Kenako khalani ndi kuwerenga Attahiyyaatu yoyamba ndipo mukatha imaninso ndikupemphera Raka imodzi, ndi kuwerenga Surat Faatiha yokha. Ndipo mukatha, khalani ndikuwerenga Attahiyyaatu yonse ndikumalizira Salamu.
Nthawi yake ndi kuyambira pomwe mitambo yofiira yachoka mpaka pa nthawi yomwe Fajir ikutuluka. Maraka ake ndi anayi. Ndipo kapempheredwe kake ndi chimodzimodzi ndi Swalaat ya Al-Asr ndi Al-Dhuhr; werengani Sûrah Al-Faatiha motsatizana ndi Sûrah zifupizifupi za m’Qur'an pa maraka awiri oyamba.
Chidziwitso:
Kuwerenga kwa Sura Faatiha ndi Sura ina kuyenera kukhala mokweza mawu mu Raka ziwiri zoyamba za Subuhi, Maghrib ndi Isha.
Swalaat yapa Jamaah ndiyabwino kuposa Swalaat yopemphera pa wekha. Ubwino wa Swalaat yapa Jamaah umapezeka ngakhale muli awiri. Ndipo imakhala chonchi Swalaatyo: Mmodzi wa gulu lija ayenera kutsogola (Imaam); munthuyo ayenera kukhala wodziwa kuposa anzake ndinso wamkulu pa zaka zakubadwa. Iye aime motsogolera pakati pa mzere. Ndipo asanayambe kupemphera ayenera kutembenuka ndikuonetsetsa kuti mizere ndiyoongoka bwino.
Pambuyo pochita Iqama, Imaam achite Takbiratul Ihiram. Ndipo gulu lom'tsatira lija nalonso lichite takbira pambuyo pake, motsitsa mawu. Ndipo om'tsatira aja asawerenge Sûrah iliyonse ya m’Qur'an kupatula Sûrah Al-Faatiha yokha basi. Pambuyo pake Imaam uja awerame ndikukagwira m’maondo. Kenako gulu lom'tsatira lija liwerame ndikugwira m’maondo pambuyo pa Imaam. Zotere ziyenera kupitilira mpaka kumapeto a Swalaatyo. Sibwino gulu lija kum'tsogolera kapena kuchita chilichonse mu nthawi imodzi ndi Imam pa Swalaat.
Kuchokera kwa Abu Huraira (Allah asangalale naye) anati: Mthenga wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ananena kuti; “Swalaat ya munthu paagulu imaonjezereka m’malipiro kokwana 25 - kuposa Swalaat yopemphera munthu m’modzi pa nyumba pake kapenanso pa msika (pomwe akugulitsa malonda ake). Zimenezo ndichifukwa chakuti munthu uja wachita Wudhu molondola kenako ndikutuluka (m’nyumba) kupita ku Mzikiti. Palibe chinthu china cham'tulutsa koma Swalaat. Munthu wotere amakwezedwa udindo wake pa phazi lirilonse lomwe iye akuyenda ndi kuchotseredwa zochimwa zake chifukwa cha Swalaatyo. Ndipo akapemphera, Angero amakhala akum'pempherera iye zabwino kwa Allah panthawi yomwe munthuyo ali chikhalire pa malo opempherera aja. Angelo pom’chitira dua munthu uja amanena motere: "Allah mudalitseni iye", ndipo amakhala akulembedwa zabwino panthawi yonse yomwe wakhala akuyembekezera kuti nthawi yoswalira ikwane.” Hadith imeneyi ikupezeka m’Buku la Al-Bukhari ndi Muslim.
Ndi zotheka kwa azimayi kupemphera Swalaat ya pa Jamaah ku Mzikiti. Koma Swalaat ya mkazi panyumba pake ndiyabwino kwambiri. Ngati atatuluka kupita kumzikiti ndicholinga chokapemphera Swalaat ya pa Jamaah, ayenera kudzitalikitsa ndi chinthu chilichonse chimene chingayambitse mayesero - monga kudzikongoletsa ndi kudzola mafuta onunkhira kwambiri.
Hadith yalandiridwa kuchokera kwa Abi Hurairah ((Allah asangalale naye)) yemwe anati ndithu Mthenga wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anati:
“Musaletse akapolo a Allah m’mizikiti ya Allah. Atuluke ndi kupita ku mizikiti mosadzikongoletsa.
Swalaat ya Jumu’ah simachitika paliponse koma ku Mzikiti., pa malo pomwe pamasonkhana anthu. Munthu akalowa mu Mzikiti kuti achite Swalaat ya Jumu’ah asakhale pansi mpaka atapemphera kaye raka ziwiri pamene ali kuyembekezera Adhana, imeneyi imatchedwa Tahiyyatul Masjid (kulonjera Mzikiti). Nthawi ya Swalaat ikakwana, Adhana idzachitika. Kenako Khatwibu adzakwera ndikukhala pa Mimbari [pansanja]. Kenako Adhana yachiwiri idzachitika. Pambuyo pa izi ulaliki (Khutba) udzayambika. Ndipo Khutba ikamawerengedwa ndibwino kukhala chete. Khutba yoyamba ikatha akhale pang’ono, kenako ndikuimanso kuyamba Khutba yachiwiri. Akatha kutero atsike pa Mimbari ndipo Swalaat iyambike.
Swalaat ya Jumu’ah iri ngati ya Al-Subh. Ndipo Swalaat ya Jumu’ah imalowa m’malo mwa Al-Dhuhr. Choncho sibwino kupempheranso Al-Dhuhr pambuyo pa Swalaat imeneyi.
Swalaat ya Jumu’ah ndi Faradh kwa amuna okha. Kwa akazi ndi wajibu kupemphera Al-Dhuhr m'nyumba zawo. Komatu sikuti akazi akuletsedwa kupemphera Jumu’ah.
Ngati uli pakati poswali, ndizofunika [wajibu] kwa inu kuti musunge zofunikira zake. Simuyenera kuyankhula ndipo musatembenuke uku ndi uku. Koma mungoyang’ana pamalo pomwe muziika mphumi. Ndipo ziwalo zanu musazigwedeze popanda chifukwa.
Ngati muli pa Swalaat musayang’ane kumwamba ndipo musatseke maso anu. Inu muyenera kumangoyang’ana pa malo pomwe mukagwetse nkhope yanu.
Ndi (wajib) kwa munthu woswali kuika maganizo ake pa Swalaat ndipo asaganizenso za zinthu zina. Ngati munthu waiwala m’Swalaat yake, kaya kuonjezera kapena kuchepetsa maraka, aziganiza kuti wapemphera maraka ochepera. Izi ziri tere; ngati munthu wapemphera raka zisanu moiwala ndiye wasokonezeka, sakudziwa kuti wapemphera zingati, iye angotsimikiza kuti wapemphera zochepa - monga zinayi; kaya ndi zitatu, iye angokhala ngati wachita ziwiri. Zikatero ndiye kuti amalize maraka ena aja omwe akudziwa kuti sanachite. Ndipo mukatha kuchita Attahiyyaatu yothera, ndibwino kuchitanso sijda ziwiri musanapereke salaam. Sijda zimenezi zimatchedwa Sijidat Sahawi.
Swalaat ya Sunnah ndi Swalaat imene Mthenga wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anati tizichita mwachifuniro chathu ndicholinga chwoti tidziyandikitse kwa Allah. Ndipo Sunnazi zimakhala chonchi:
1. Maraka awiri usanapemphere Al-Subh
2. Maraka anayi usanapemphere Al-Dhuhr.
3. Maraka awiri utapemphera Al-Dhuhr.
4. Maraka awiri pambuyo pakupemphera Maghrib.
5. Maraka awiri pambuyo popemphera Isha.
Iyi ndi Sunnah yofunika kwambiri (Muakkada). Ndipo kapempheredwe kake mutha kupemphera raka imodzi, zitatu, zisanu, zisanu ndi ziwiri, zisanu ndi zinayi. Mwachidule tingwoti rakazo zikhale kuti imodzi mwa izo iribe inzake. Kapempheredwe kake ndi kotere:
Ngati mukufuna kupemphera maraka atatu ndiye kuti mukapemphera raka ziwiri, ndikuchita Attahiyyaatu yoyamba, khalani. Kenako imilirani ndikuchitanso raka imodzi. Mukatha apo khalaninso ndikuchita Attahiyyaatu yachiwiri. Ndipo ndizothekanso kuchita raka zonse zitatu mondondozana kenako ndikudzakhala ndikuchita Attahiyyaatu imodzi yokha basi, ndikupereka Salamu. Mukhozanso kupemphera raka ziwiri ndi kuchita Attahiyyaatu, kenako kuchita Salaam. Ndipo mukatha, mupemphera raka imodzi, ndikuchitanso Attahiyyaatu, kenako muchita Salaam.
Mukatha kupemphera Swalaat ya Subh tulukani kupita ku malo opempherera Swalaat ya Eid pambuyo pwoti mwasamba kale, ndipo mwadya chakudya cha m’mawa. Mukangofika pabwalo lopemphelerapo Eid khalani chabe osapemphera Swalaat iliyonse mpaka dzuwa litatuluka.
Dzuwa likatuluka ndikukwana mphindi 45 Swalaat ya Eid iyenera kuyambika. Imaam ayime ndi kuwapempheretsa anthu. Achite Takbiratul Ihram ndipo anthu onse achitenso takbirayi pambuyo pa Imaam.
Kenako onse awerenge dua ya Istiftah chamumtima. Kutha apo Imaam achite takbira kokwanira kasanu ndi kawiri (7). Ndipo takbirayi ndi liwu lija lwoti: Allahu Akbar. Nawonso anthu otsatira achite chamumtima takbirayi pambuyo pa Imaam. Ndizololedwa kuti onse anene mawu awa kotsiriza kwa takbira iri yonse kuti:
سبحان الله والحمد لله ولا إله إلا الله والله أكبر
“Subhanallah Walhamdulillah Walaa ilaaha illa Allah Wallahu Akbar”.
Pambuyo pake Imaam awerenge Sûrah Al-Faatiha ndi Sûrah ina yaifupi. Kutha apo achite ruku (kuwerama) ndinso kuchita sijda ziwiri. Pambuyo pake aimenso kuchita raka yachiwiri. Koma asanayambe kuwerenga Al-Faatiha achitenso matakbira asanu. Ndipo kumapeto a takbira iliyonse anene mawu aja tanena kale. Kutha apo awerengenso (mokweza) Al-Faatiha ndi Sûrah ina yaifupi. Kenako achitenso ruku ndi sijda, ndipo akhale ndikuchita Attahiyyaatu yonse, amalize Swalaatiyo popereka salaam. Kutha izo, Imaam akwere pa mimbar ndikuchita khutba ya Eid.
Zikatha izo tsopano anthu atha kubalalika kumapita kwao.
Mthenga wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam adawalamula akazi kupita kumalo opempherera Eid mopanda kusiyanitsa pakati pa namwali ndi ntchembere, cholinga chwoti akapemphere Swalaat ya Eid. Akazi odwala matenda akumwezi asayandikire pamalo opempherera, koma atha kungomvera khutuba [ulaliki].
Mawu awa ali mu Hadith yomwe tidalandira kuchokera kwa Ummu 'Atwiyah (chikondi cha Allah chikhale pa iye anati: “Mthenga wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anatilamula pa Eidul Fitr ndi Eidul Adhuha kuti tiwatulutse m’nyumba asungwana omwe angotha m’sinkhu kumene ndi odwala matenda a kumwezi kudzanso awo amene amadzibisa m’nyumba, kuti awone zinthu zabwino ndikumvera dua za Asilamu.” Ndipo akuti ndinati, “Ee, inu Mthenga wa Chauta mwina mmodzi wa ife angakhale kuti alibe Buyi-buyi”. Mthenga wa Allah anati: “Amuveke iyeyo m’bale wake amene ali nayo Buyi-buyi”.
Buyi-buyi ndinsalu yomwe amavala akazi thupi lonse kupatula kunkhope.
Kwa munthu odwala atha kupemphera ali pachogonera chake ngati siangathe kukhala tsonga apemphere mongogwedeza mutu.
Ndikoyenera kwa inu ngati muli paulendo kupemphera raka ziwiri zokha Swalaat ya raka zinayi. Ndiponso mungathe kupemphera nthawi imodzi Dhuhr ndi Asr kapena Maghrib ndi Isha.
(SWALAAT YA KUPHIMBIDWA KWA DZUWA NDINSO MWEZI)
Dzuwa kapena mwezi zikaphimbidwa ndi Sunnah kupemphera raka ziwiri. Ndipo kapempheredwe kake ndi kotere: Aimilire ndikuchita monga timachitira pa Swalaat zina zija. Koma pa Swalaatyi pali kuimilira kuwiri ndi kuchita ruku kawiri. Ndiye kuti aimilira koyamba kuchita takbir ndikuwerenga Al-Faatiha kudzanso Sûrah ina yaitali ya m'Qur'an. Kutha apo achite Ruku. Kenako aweramukenso ndikuwerenga Al-Faatiha ndikuchitanso monga zija anachita poyamba paja. Kutha apo achite ruku ndi sijda. Pa raka yachiwiri achitenso chimodzimodzi monga pa raka yoyamba. Koma raka yoyamba ija iyenera kukhala yaitali kuposa yachiwiri.
Kuphimbidwa kwa dzuwa kapena mwezi ndikuchoka kwa kuwala kwake kwa zinthuzi. Zoterezi sizichitika chifukwa cha kubadwa kapena kumwalira kwa munthu wolemekezeka.
Kukakhala chilala chifukwa chakusowa kwa mvula ndibwino kupemphera raka ziwiri; kupempha Allah kuti atipatse mvula. Ndipo kapempheredwe kake ndichimodzimodzi Swalaat ya Eid; pa raka yoyamba matakbira 7, ndipo pa raka yachiwiri matakbira asanu (5).
Nsanamira zake za Swalaatiyi
Choyamba ndi kuimilira ndikuchita matakbir anayi kenako kuwerenga Sûrah Al-Faatiha ndi kum’pemphera Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam madalitso kwa Allah. Ndiponso kum'pempherera wakufa uja kuti Allah am’khululukire machimo ake. Kenako ndikudzapereka salamu. Izi zonse ziyenera kuchitika mwa ndondomeko yake.
Kapempheredwe kake ndi kotere: chitani Niyya [chitsimikizo], kutha apo chitani Takbiratul Ihram ndipo muwerenge Sûrah Al-Faatiha. Chitaninso takbir kenako ndikum’pemphera madalitso Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam kwa Allah. Kenakonso chitani takbir. Kutha apo, mupempherereni wakufa uja ndi dua iliyonse yomwe inalandiridwa kuchokera kwa Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam. Monga iyi:
اللهم اغفر لحينا وميتنا وشاهدنا وغائبنا وصغيرنا وكبيرنا وذكرنا وأنثانا، اللهم إنك تعلم متقلبنا ومثوانا وأنت على كل شيء قدير، اللهم من أحييته منا فأحيه على الإسلام والسنة ومن توفيته منا فتوفاه عليهما، اللهم اغفر له وارحمه وعافه واعف عنه وأكرم نزله وأوسع مدخله واغسله بالماء والثلج والبرد ونقه من الخطايا كما نقيت الثوب الأبيض من الدنس وأبدله دارًا خيرًا من داره وزوجًا خيرًا من زوجه وأدخله الجنة وأعذه اللهم من النار وعذاب النار وأفسح له في قبره ونور له فيه.
“Allahuma ghfir lihayyina wa mayyitina wa shaahidina wa ghaaibina wa swaghiirina wa kabiirina wa dhakarina wa un’thaana. Allahuma innaka ta'alamu munkalabana wamathwaana wa anta 'alaa kuli shai'in Qadir. Allaahumma man ahayaitahu minnaa fa ahyyihi 'alal Islam wa Ssunnah waman tawaffaitahu fatawaffahu 'alayhima. Allahuma ghfir lahu warhamhu wa 'aafihi wa'af anhu wa akrim nuzulahu wa aussi'i mudkhalahu waghsilhu bilmaai watthaliji wal barad wanaqqihi minal khatwaaya kamaa naqqaita tthaubal abyadha mina ddanasi wa abdilhu daaran khairan min darihi - wa zaujan khairan min zaujihi wa adikhilhul jannnata wa a'idhhu Allahumma min 'adhaabil qabri wa 'adhaabi nnari, wafsahu lahu fi qabrihi wanawwir lahu fihi.”
Dua yanenedwa pamwambayi ndi ya maliro a munthu wamkulu. Tsopano ngati malirowo ndi a mwana, dua yake ndi iyi:
دعاء للطفل: اللهم اجعله ذخرًا لوالديه وأجراوشفيعًا مجابًا، اللهم ثقل به موازينهما وأعظم به أجورهما واجعله في كفالة سيدنا ابراهيم الخليل وقه برحمتك عذاب الجحيم
“Allahuma j'alhu dhukhran liwaalidayhi wa ajran wa shafii'an mujaaban. Allahummaqqil bihi mawaaziinihimaa wa a'dhwim bihi ujuurahumaa waj'alhu fi kafaalati sayyidnaa Ibrahimal kharil waqihi birahmatika adhabal jahimi.”
Dua imeneyi ilumikizidwe ndi mawu awa:
“Fatawaffahu 'alal Iman” Ndipo pambuyo pake chitani takbir ya chinayi ndikuima pang’ono kenako perekani Salamu (imodzi yokha basi).
“Oh! Allah, akhululukireni amene ali moyo mwa ife, akufa, anthu abwera pano, amene sanabwere pano, ana athu, akuluakulu athu, amuna ndi akazi.
“Oh! Allah, ndithu Inu mukudziwa kobwerera kwathu ndi kumalo athu ndipo Inu muli ndi mphamvu pachinthu chilichonse.
“Oh! Allah amene mwam’patsa moyo mwaife mpatseni umoyo wa Chisilamu ndi wanjira za Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alayhi wasallam. Amene mwamutenga mwa ife mutengeni pa zinthu ziwirizi (Usilamu ndi Sunnah).
Oh! Allah, mukhululukireni ndi kumuchitira chisoni ndipo mutalikitseni kuzowawa ndi kumufafanizira zolakwa zake. Ndipo muchitireni phwando labwino ndi kumukulitsira manda ake. Muyeretseni ndi madzi ayezi ndi matalala. Muyeretseni ku machimo monga momwe mwayeretsera nsalu yoyera ku uve. Mpatseni nyumba yabwino koposa yomwe anali nayo ndi wakunyumba kwawo wabwino kuposa amene anali naye.
Mulowetseni ku Jannah (ku munda wa Mtendere). Mutchinjirizeni oh! Allah, ku chilango cha m’manda ndinso cha moto. Mukulitsireni mandawo ndi kumuyeretseramo.
TANTHAUZO LA DUA YA MALIRO A MWANA
“Oh! Allah, muchiteni mwanayo kukhala chosungilamo Mtendere kwa makolo ake, mlatho ndinso malipiro ndikutinso akapemphere dua makolo ake.
“Oh! Allah, sikelo ya makolo ake mukailemeretse chifukwa cha iye. Ndipo chulukitsani malipiro a makolo ake chifukwa cha iye. Muchiteni mwanayo kuti akayang’aniridwe pansi pa mtsogoleri wathu Ibrahima. Mutchinjirizeni ndi chifundo chanu ku chilango cha moto.
باب الطهارة
وهي من شروط الصلاة
Limodzi mwamakomo Ofunikira pa Mapemphero (Swalaat)
أحكام الطهارة والمياه
Malamulo aukhondo ndi kagwiritsidwe ntchito ka madzi odziyeretsera.
Kodi Twahara ndi chiyani?
Liwu limeneli ndilachiyankhulo cha chi Arab, ndipo limatanthauza kuchotsa zoyipa kapena kuti kuchotsa chinthu chomwe chili pathupi la munthu, chimene chingalepheretse mapemphero ake kukhala ovomerezeka pamaso pa Allah, kapenanso kuchotsa zonyansa pathupi la Msilamu, muchovala chake ndi pamalo pamene iye afuna kupempherapo.
Mwachidule, pakhomo limeneli pali zinthu zitatu zofunika kuzidziwa bwinobwino:
1. Zinthu zimene zingamudetse munthu
2. Zinthu zimene tingagwiritse ntchito podziyeretsa (madzi ndi dothi)
3. Malo amene tingayeretse pofuna kuchotsa zoipazo (malo opempherera, pathupi ndi zovala)
اهتمام الإسلام بالطهارة والنظافة
PA KUDZIYERETSA NDI UKHONDO
Pali mawumboni ambiri omwe akutsimikizira kuti Chisilamu chikulimbikitsa munthu kukhala wodziyeretsa ndi waukhondo. Ena mwamawumboni amenewa ndi awa:
1. Kufunika kwa kudziyeretsa kuti mapemphero ake alandiridwe. Kudziyeretsaku kumakhala kusambitsa ziwalo za pathupi kuphatikizapo kuyeretsa zovala ndi malo opempherera.
Komanso Chisilamu chinakuchita kusunga kwa Wudhu (kudziyeretsa kwakung’ono) kukhala chizindikiro cha chikhulupiliro mwa Allah (Imaan). Pali Hadith imene Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam akunena kuti:
استَقيموا ولَن تُحصوا واعلَموا أنَّ خيرَ أعمالِكُمُ الصَّلاةَ ولا يحافظُ علَى الوضوءِ إلَّا مؤمنٌ
“Khalani anthu olungama, mukakhala olungama sizidzawerengedwa ntchito zanu ndipo dziwani kuti zabwino koposa mu ntchito zanu ndi mapemphero. Komanso palibe amene amasunga Wudhu pokhapokha yemwe ali ndi chikhulupiliro.”
2. Chisilamu sichikungolimbikitsa anthu kuti aziyeretsa pathupi pawo pokha, komanso chikunenetsa poyera kuti ndikofunika kwambiri kuti munthu aziyeretsa mkati mwa mtima wake pochita zinthu, kufuna kusangalatsa Allah yekha basi, ndikumabwerera msanga kwa Allah ngati munthu wachita zoipa (kulapa). Allah akunena m’Buku lake lolemekezeka (Qur'an) kuti:
إِنَّ اللَّهَ يُحِبُّ التَّوَّابِينَ وَيُحِبُّ الْمُتَطَهِّرِينَ
“Ndithu, Allah amakonda olapa, ndiponso amakonda odziyeretsa” Sûrah Al Baqarah Âyah 222
3. Monga mmene ndanenera kale kuti Chisilamu chikulimbikitsa munthu kukhala waukhondo, kotero chinaika kusamba tsiku Lachisanu kukhala Sunnah pamene munthuyo akufuna kupita kukapemphera. Chisilamu chinalimbikitsanso kusamba munthu akazilotera kapena akakhala ndi mkazi malo amodzi, nthawi ywoti munthu wangolowa kumene m’Chisilamu; pamene mkazi amaliza matenda a kumwezi ndi nthawi ywoti mkazi wangomaliza kumene matenda auchembere.
4. Popitiriza ndi malamulo ake aukhondo, Chisilamu chinakhazikitsa lamulo lakugwiritsa ntchito mswaki potsuka mano m’kamwa. Lamuloli linaikidwa motsimikiza kuti Msilamu azigwiritsa ntchito mswakii nthawi iliyonse makamaka pochita Wudhu, nthawi imene akufuna kupemphera ndi pamene akudzuka kuchokera mtulo.
5. Chisilamu chikutiuza ife kuvala bwino ndi kuti zovala zathu zizikhala zaukhondo. Chikutiuzanso ife kuti tizidzikongoletsa popita ku mzikiti. Allah wanena polamula Mtumiki wake Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam kuti zovala zake azidziyeretsa:
وَثِيَابَكَ فَطَهِّرْ
"Ndipo zovala zako uziyeretse (ndi madzi kuuve)" Sûrah Al Muddatthir Âyah 4
Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ananena kuti:
إن الله جميل يحب الجمال
“Ndithu Allah ndiwokongola ndipo amakonda kukongola”
6. Ndicholinga chokongoletsa mawonekedwe ndikuyeretsa pathupi, ndicholinganso chosiyanitsa pakati pa Msilamu ndi anthu a chikunja, Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam akunena kuti:
الفطرة خمس: الختان، والاستحداد، وقص الشارب، وتقليم الأظفار، ونتف الإبط.
“Zinthu zachilengedwe ziripo zisanu: mdulidwe, kumeta tsitsi lapachinena, kupungula masharubu, kudula zikhadabo ndi kuchotsa tsitsi la m’khwapa”.
7. Msilamu akulamulidwa kuti azisamalira malo ake amene akukhala. Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam akunena kuti:
إن الله طيب يحب الطيب، نظيف يحب النظافة، كريم يحب الكرم، جواد يحب الجود؛ فنظفوا أفنيتكم ولاتشبهوا باليهود
"Ndithu Allah ndi wabwino ndipo amakonda zabwino, ndiwaukhondo ndipo amakonda ukhondo, ndiwolemekezeka ndipo amakonda ulemerero, ndiwopereka ndipo amakonda kuwolowa manja. Choncho yeretsani malo anu okhalamo ndipo musamatengere zomwe amachita Ayuda"
(Izi ndizina zomwe zikuwonetsa kuti Chisilamu chikulimbikitsa kuti Msilamu azikhala wa ukhondo (Twahara) nthawi zonse.)
أحكام المياه وما تكون به الطهارة
Msilamu amadziyeretsa pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu ziwiri:
Madzi kapena dothi limene timagwiritsa ntchito madziwo akasowa. Pogwiritsa ntchito zinthu zimenezi m’njira yake yomwe Chisilamu chinaika zimatha kuchotsa zoipa zomwe zimamuchititsa munthu kukhala wodetsedwa. Kwamunthu amene sanadziyeretse ku uve waung’ono ndi waukulu koma ngwakuti angathe kugwiritsa ntchito zinthu ziwirizi, mapemphero ake (Swalaat) salandiridwa kwa Allah. Chifukwa Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ananena kuti:
لا يقبل الله صلاة بغير طهر
“Allah salandira mapemphero (a munthu) wosadziyeretsa”.
Chofunikanso kwambiri ndikudziwa mtundu wa madzi tisanayambe kugwiritsa ntchito pochotsa uve waung’ono ndi waukulu. Madzi ali m’magulu atatu:
1. Madzi oyera m’chilengedwe chake, ndipo angagwiritsidwe ntchito poyeretsa chinthu chilichonse. Madzi a mtundu umenewu ndiwomwe amatuluka kuchokera pansi monga kasupe, komanso akugwa kuchokera kumwamba monga madzi a mvula. Allah akunena kuti:
وَيُنَزِّلُ عَلَيْكُمْ مِنَ السَّمَاءِ مَاءً لِيُطَهِّرَكُمْ بِهِ وَيُذْهِبَ عَنْكُمْ رِجْزَ الشَّيْطَانِ
“Ndipo amakugwetserani kuchokera kumwamba (mitambo) madzi kuti akuyeretseni ndi madziwo”. Sûrah Al Anfaal Âyah 11
Zitsanzo zina za madzi ngati amenewa: ndi madzi amu mtsinje ndi matalala.
Madzi a mtundu umenewu tingathe kugwiritsa ntchito podziyeretsa ngakhale atakhala nyengo yayitali, ngakhalenso ataphatikizana ndi chinthu china chilichonse choyera (chosadetsedwa). Mwachitsanzo madzi a mumtsinje, m’chitsime ndi m’nyanja.
Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam akunena kuti:
هو الطهور ماءه والحل مييت
“Madzi a m’nyanja ndi a ukhondo, ndipon zofa zokha mmenemo ndizololedwa kudya.”
Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam analongosola mwatsatanetsatane malamulo a madzi m’mahadith ambiri, ena mwa iwo ndi awa:
Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam akunena kuti:
إن الماء الهور لا ينجسه شئ
“Ndithu madzi ndioyera m’chilengedwe chake palibe chilichonse chimene chingadetse madziwo.”
Akunenanso kuti:
إذا كان الماء قلتين لم يحمل الخبث
“Ngati madzi ali okwana magaloni asanu ndi atatu (8) kapena kupitilira apo ndiye kuti madzi ambiri chonchiwa sadetsedwa ndi chinthu china chilichonse”.
Akunenanso kuti:
لا يبولن أحدكم في الماء الدائم الذي يجري ثم يغتسل فيه
“Aliyense wa inu asakodzere m’madzi odekha (mzithaphwi/zitsime) kenako nkumasambanso momwemo”.
2. Madzi oyera m’chilengedwe chake koma sangagwiritsidwe ntchito poyeretsa chinthu china chilichonse. Madzi amenewa ndiwoyera m’chilengedwe chake, koma kuti sitingawagwiritse ntchito poyeretsa chilichonse ngati m’mene tingayeretsere pogwiritsa ntchito madzi a mtundu oyamba uja.
Madzi a mtundu umenewu ndiwo amene atembenuka kakomedwe kake, mtundu wake kapena fungo lake ndi chinthu china chake choyera. Chifukwa chakupezeka chinthu chosintha maonekedwe a madziwo ndipo madzi ndikusintha mtundu wake kwoti dzina lwoti madzi ndikuchoka, ndiye kuti madzi a mtundu umenewu tikuloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito pakudya ndi zina zotero koma osagwiritsa ntchito podziyeretsa monga Fanta. Kapena madzi woti sopo wagweramo ndipo mtundu wa madzi watembenuka.
3. Madzi oyipa: Amenewa ndi madzi woti zagweramo zinthu zoipa monga: chimbudzi, mkodzo ndi zina zotero. Madzi oterowa ndioletsedwa kuwagwiritsa ntchito munjira ina iliyonse, ngati sitingathe kupatula zoipazo. Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam akunena kuti:
“Madzi aliwonse ndiwoyera pokhapokha atembenuke fungo lake, kakomedwe kake, kapenanso mtundu wake, ndi chinthu choipa chwoti chiipitsa madziwo”.
Koma kuyera kwa madziku sikuchoka ndi chikaiko ayi, chifukwa madziwo ndioyera m’chikhalidwe chake. Ndiye ngati pali chikaiko chitani zimene mwatsimikiza mumtima mwanu. Koma ngati mukaika pakati pakuyera ndi kuipa kwa madziwo, gwiritsani ntchito madziwo. Tsopano ngati pali ziwiya ziwiri, mwina muli madzi abwino ndipo mwina muli madzi oipa koma simukutha kusiyanitsa pakati pa madzi abwino ndi oipawo, ndiye kuti mukuloledwa kugwiritsa ntchito ena alionse amene akupezeka m'ziwiya ziwirizi.
ما يوجب الغسل شرعا
Msilamu akukakamizidwa kusamba pa zinthu izi:
1) Kutuluka umuna kutulo kapena ali mmaso.
2) Kukumana mwamuna ndi mkazi ndikugundana ziwalo zawo zobisika ngakhale umuna kapena ukazi usatuluke.
3) Munthu wachikunja akachilandira Chisilamu.
4) Pamene mkazi wamaliza kumwezi, ndi pamene wamaliza matenda auchembere.
5) Munthu akafa ayenera kusambitsidwa kupatula munthu wwoti wafera kunkhondo ya Chisilamu (Jihad).
صفة الغسل
Zimafunika posamba kutsimikiza mumtima (Niyyah) ndikutchula Allah pakunena kuti: “Bismi Allah Arrahamani Arahim”.
Koma ngati ayiwala kunena mawu amenewa palibe tchimo. Akukakamizidwanso kuti posambapo azidzithira madzi paliponse mpaka madzi akwanire pathupi pa munthuyo ndikutinso atsuke ziwalo zake zonse.
Allah akunena kuti:
وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ جُنُبًا فَاطَّهَّرُو
“Ngati muli wodetsedwa (Janaba) dziyeretseni (pakusamba thupi lonse.” Sûrah Al Maaidah Âyah 6
Komanso ndikwabwino kwa munthu amene akufuna kusamba kuyamba kusamba m’manja mwake katatu, kenako kutsuka kumaliseche kwake, komaliza kwake achite Wudhu umene amachita akafuna kupemphera, basi ndikudzithira madzi thupi lonse.
الحيض
Amenewa ndi magazi amene amatuluka kuchokera m’chiberekero, mkazi akatha msinkhu. Ndiye zimakhala zikupitilira mpaka nyengo yodziwika. Mkazi amene ali kumwezi akuletsedwa kuchita zinthu izi:
Kugonana ndi mwamuna; kupemphera ngati iye ali panyengo imeneyi (yakumwezi), kusala, kuzungulira Ka'bah, kukhala mu Mzikiti ndi kuwerenga Qur'an.
Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam akunena kuti:
Mkazi ngati wamaliza matenda ake akumwezi, akukakamizidwa kusamba.
النفاس
Ngati magazi atuluka patangotsala tsiku limodzi kapena awiri kuti mkazi abereke ndiye kuti magazi amenewo ndimagazi anifasi (matenda a uchembere). Koma ngati atuluka masiku otalikirana ndi tsiku lobereka, ndiye kuti simagazi auchembere. Nifasi imatha pakadutsa masiku makumi anayi (40), koma ena amatha kusiya kutuluka magazi masiku makumi anayi aja asanathe. Tsopano ngati angapitilire masiku amenewa magazi akutulukabe, ndiye kuti magazi amenewa si a nifasi, koma magaziwo ndiowonongeka kapenanso nkutheka kukhala magazi akumwezi. Akatha masiku aja, ndiye kuti mkazi akuloledwa kukhala pamodzi ndi mwamuna wake, kupemphera ndi kusala. Komanso ngati mkazi angadzione kuti ali bwino pasanathe nthawi imene tatchula ija, akuloledwa kuchita zonse zimene Allah walamula monga: kupemphera ndi kusala.
Koma Masheikh ena akuti sikulibwino kutero pokhapokha mwezi ndi masiku khumi athe.
Chonchotu malamulo a matenda a uchembere (nifasi) ndi matenda akumwezi ndiamodzi, palibe kusiyana kwenikweni. Zonse zimene mkazi waletsedwa kuchita pa nthawi ywoti ali kumwezi, wamatenda a uchembere akuletsedwanso kutero.
Tsopano ngati mkazi kusala kwamudutsa m'mwezi wa Ramadhaan chifukwa chakuti anali kumwezi kapena wangobereka kumene, ndiye kuti ayenera kudzabweza masiku amene amudutsawo iye akudwala; koma mapemphero (Swalaat) sakuloledwa kubweza ngati amudutsa panyengo imeneyi.
من المخالفات في الطهارة والصلاة
Chitamando chonse ndi cha Allah, madalitso ndi mtendere zikhale pa Mtumiki wa Allah, pa abale ake ndi ma Sahabah ake onse. Pambuyo pa mawu amenewa ndikuti: M’bale wanga wokondeka lero lino tikaona mapemphero a anthu ambiri kudzera munjira ya malamulo a Chisilamu, tiona zodabwitsa zomwe azipeka, ndi zosempahana ndi malamulo zambiri.
Zambiri zimene azilowetsa m’malo, zomwe zasanduka pakati pawo kukhala ngati Sunnah zotengedwa kuchokera kwa Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam, akungolandirana pakati pawo mibadwo ndi mibadwo, ndipo zotsatira zake muzimenezi asiya Sunnah zambiri ndipo aziika (Sunnazo) m'gulu la zinthu za bid'ah (zopeka), koma zonsezo n'chifukwa cha kusazichitachita Sunnahzo pakati pao. Ndipo umboni wawo pazimenezo ndiwwoti anthu ambiri akuzichita zimenezo. Koma mosakaikira konse, mawu omwe akuyankhulawo sali umboni wa lamulo la Chisilamu wodalilika pokhazikitsa malamulo a Chisilamu; choncho Sunnah ili ngati chombo cha Nuh (Nowa); amene akwere apulumuka, ndipo amene atsalire amira. Ndipo mu uthenga wachanguwu tiulula zosemphana zina zomwe zafala mu Twaharah ndi Swalaat kuti tizipewe ndi kuwachenjezanso anthu kuti azipewe. Ndipo Allah ndiye Muwongoli ku njira yolungama.
1. Kukweza mawu ponena Niyyah nthawi yochita Wudhu:
Ibn Qayyim (ﷺ) adati: "Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam sadali kunena poyamba pa Wudhu mawu woti:
نويت رفع الحدث
Nawaytu raf'al hadath
Ngakhalenso mawu woti:
نويت استباحة الصلاة
Nawaytu istibaahati SSwalaat
Pochita Niyyah nthawi ya Wudhu iye sanachitepo mpang’onong’ono pomwe ngakhalenso aliyense mwa ma Sahabah ake, ngakhalenso chilembo chimodzi sichinadze chofotokoza nkhani imeneyo, munjira yodalirika ngakhalenso mu njira yofooka (yosadalirika)".
2. Kuchita dua nthawi yosambitsa ziwalo za Wudhu
Monga mmene ena mwaiwo amanenera pa nthawi yosambitsa dzanja lawo la manja (mawu woti):
اللهم أعطني كتابي بيميني
Allahummah a'twinii kitaabii biyamiinii
O! Allah ndipatseni buku langa ku dzanja langa lakumanja.
Ndipo nthawi yosambitsa nkhope yawo amati:
اللهم بيض وجهي
Oh Allah, walitsani nkhope yanga
Ibnul Qayyim (ﷺ) anati: "Sichinasungidwe chilichonse kuchokera kwa Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam kuti iye ankayankhula chilichonse pa Wudhu kupatula Bismillahir-Rahamaanir- Raheem basi, ndipo Hadith iliyonse yomwe ikunenedwa pa zonsezi za Wudhu ndiyabodza, ndiyongopeka. Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam sadanene chilichonse muzimenezo ngakhalenso omutsatira ake sadawaphunzitse, ndipo sizinatsimikizike kuchokera kwa iye swalla Allahu alaih wasallam kupatula Bismillahir-Rahmaanir-Raheem poyambilira pa Wudhu wake, ndipo mawu woti:
أشهد أن لا إله إلا الله وحده لا شريك له وأشهد أن محمدًا عبده ورسوله، اللهم اجعلني من التوابين واجعلني من المتطهرين.
Ashhadu an La illa Allahu wahadahu la Sharika lahu, wa Ash’hadu anna Muhammadan 'Abduhu wa Rasuluhu. Allahumma-jialni mina ttawwaabina, wajialini minal mutatwahhirina kumapeto kwa Wudhu. Zimenezi nzotsimikizika ndithu”.
3. Kuononga madzi a Wudhu
Mu Sahih Al-Bukhari muli Hadith ywoti Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ankasamba madzi okwana “swa'a” nkuonjezeranso madzi okwana “mudd” zisanu, ndiponso Wudhu ankachita ndi madzi okwana “mudd” imodzi. “Mud’d ndi mlingo wokwana kutapa kanayi ndi zikhato ziwiri”.
Imaam -Al-Bukhari anati: “Akuluakulu a maphunziro a Chisilamu ananyasidwa nako kuononga madzi pochita Wudhu, ndi kubzyola malile zochita za Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam”. Ndipo Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam adanena nkhani imene ikuthandiza kuletsa (anati): Ndithu mu Ummah uwu mudzakhala anthu omwe azidzabzyola malire pochita Twaharah ndi dua” Ahmad ndi Abu Daud. Kubzyola malire pochita Twaharah ndiko kuonjezera pa katatu ndi kuononga madzi.
4. Kuchuluka manong’onong’o a satana:
Wolemekezeka Shaikh Ibn Jibreen anati: “Nthawi zambiri satana amatumiza manong’ onong’o kwa anthu ena, woti Wudhu waonongeka ndi mphepo kapena mkodzo, koma pamene siziri zenizeni. Choncho n'kofunika kwa amene wayesedwa ndi chilichonse kuchokera m’manong’onong’o a satanawo aikire mtima pa chitsimikizo chwoti Twaharah ndili nayo, ndipo asatembenukire kumaganizo opanda pakewo, choncho iye ndi chitsimikizocho adzakhala mumtendere ndipo manong’onong'owo adzam'choka mwachangu. Koma ngati angatangwanike nazo zimenezo ndiye kuti madandaulo ake adzapitilira ndiponso manong’onong’o a satanayo adzachuluka, ndiye adzadzipatsa ntchito yobwerezabwereza Wudhu, mapeto ake Jamaah idzam’dutsa munthawi yoyamba mpaka adzatopa nawo mapemphero ndikuwaona kuvuta. Zoterozo nzomwe satana mdyerekezi amazilakalaka.”
5. Kusakwaniritsa Wudhu
Hadith inachokera kwa Khalid mwana wa Midaan, yochokera kwa ena mwa akazi a Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam (iwo anati): Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anamuona munthu akupemphera Swalaat pamwamba pa phazi lake pakuonekera mkute wa saizi ya Dirham (ndalama ya chitsulo) pomwe sipanafikepo madzi, choncho Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anamulamula munthuyo kuti abwerezenso kuchita Wudhu wina” Ahmad ndi Abu Daud. Ndipo anthu ambiri amachitira ulesi mu zinthu zimenezozo, pomwe iwo ndi ulesi umenewu akuwalekelera mapemphero awo kuti aonongeke monga momwe zalongosoledwa zimenezo mu Hadith.
6. Kutembenukira ku Qiblah pokodza ndi pochita chimbudzi
Hadith inachokera kwa Abi Ayub Al-Ansaari, iye anati: Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ananena kuti: “Aliyense wa inu ngati wapita ku chimbudzi asatembenukire ku Qiblah ndiponso asaonetse Qiblayo msana wake, koma tembenukirani kum’mawa kapena mutembenukire ku madzulo” Al-Bukhari ndi Muslim.
7. Kusadziyeretsa ku mkodzo ndi kusawapewa madontho ake, ndi kuchitira ulesi pakudzisamala ku mkodzowo
Mu Hadith muli mawu woti Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anawadutsa ena mwa manda a mumzinda wa Madinah ndipo anamva mawu a anthu awiri omwe ankalangidwa m’manda mwao, choncho Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anati: "Inde, m’modzi wa awiriwo sankadzitalikitsa ku mkodzo wake, pomwe winayo ankayenda ndi ukazitape” Al-Bukhari ndi Muslim.
8. Kulowetsa dzanja mu chikho chomwe akuchitira Wudhu asanawatsuke manja akewo kokwana katatu
Mu Hadith muli mawu woti:
“Mmodzi wa inu ngati wadzuka mtulo take asalowetse dzanja lake mu chikho mpaka atalitsuka kaye katatu, chifukwa ndithu mmodzi wa inu sakudziwa kumene dzanja lakelo linagona” Al-Bukhari ndi Muslim.
Ndipo ma ulamaa analimasulira lamuloli kuti: Ndipo ngati wadziwa kumene dzanja lake linagona ndiye kuti zikulamulidwa kwa iye kuti atsuke manja akewo kokwana katatu asanawalowetse m'chikhomo.
9. Kupaka madzi m'khosi pochita Wudhu
Hadith imene yadza pa nkhani yopaka madzi m'khosi, Imaam Nawawi adanena za Hadith imeneyo kuti: “Hadith imeneyo ndiyoikidwa ndi anthu siyochokera m’mawu a Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam”. Ndipo naye Ibn Al Qayyim anati: Pankhani yopaka madzi m'khosi palibe Hadith iliyonse imene inatsimikiza kuchokera kwa Mneneri mpang’onong’ono pomwe.
10. Kukhulupilira kwa anthu ena kwoti ayenera kutsuka kumaliseche asanachite Wudhu ulionse ngakhale kuti sanatulutse kanthu
Umenewo ndiwo mchitidwe wolakwika umene wafala, pomwe Sunnah ikusiyana ndi zimenezo.
11. Ndithu anthu ena timawapeza tulo tofa nato kotero kuti Swalaat ikaima makamaka Swalaat ya Fajri ndi Jumu’ah, amaimilira ndikupemphera limodzi ndi anzawo asanachite Wudhu
Ndithu mosapeneka konse tulo timaononga Wudhu, Hadith inachokera kwa Safwaan mwana wa Assaal (Allah asangalale naye) anati: “Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anatilamula ngati tiri a paulendo kuti tisavule nsapato zathu (zotchedwa khuf) masiku atatu ndi usiku womwe, pokhapokha ngati tapezedwa ndi janaba, koma (tiyenera kuchita Wudhu) ngati titachita chimbudzi, kukodza ndi kugona tulo” Nasai ndi Tirmidhi.
12. Ndithu amuna ena akagonana ndi akazi awo sasamba ndiponso sawalamula akazi awo kuti asambe pokhapokha ngati atatulutsa umuna
Izi ndizinthu zomwe zimachititsa kufala mavuto ndiponso anthu ambiri alakwitsa mu zimenezo, koma zenizeni nzakuti nkofunikira zedi kwa iye kusamba chifukwa cha kungogonana kokha basi. Chifukwa cha mawu a Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam woti: “Ngati atakhala pakati pa ziwalo zinayi za mkaziyo kenako ndikumulimbikira ndiye kuti nkofunikira kusamba" Al-Bukhari ndi Muslim. Ndipo Imaam Muslim anaonjezera mawu woti: "Ngakhale kuti umuna sunatuluke”.
13. Kukhulupilira kwa anthu ena kuti Wudhu sukwana pokhapokha ngati utachitika katatu katatu
Kutanthauza kuti kusambitsa chiwalo chilichonse katatu. Ndithu idatsimikizika Hadith yochokera kwa Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam kuti iye ankachita Wudhu kamodzikamodzi komanso kawirikawiri monga mmene ziliri mu Sahihi Al-Bukhari.
14. Kuwonjezera pa chiwerengero cha kusambitsa ziwalo za Wudhu kapena gawo lina la ziwalozo koposa katatu
Zimenezi mosakaika konse ndi zopeka (bid'ah). Mu Hadith ya Imaam Muslim muli mawu woti: "Amene agwire ntchito imene ilibe lamulo lathu ndiye kuti ntchito imeneyo idzabwezedwa kwa mwini wake (siidzalandiridwa)".
15. Azimayi ena sapemphera Swalaat imene iwo ayeretsedwa (kumatenda akumwezi) mu nthawiyo, koma amapemphera Swalaat ya mtsogolo
Shaikh Ibn Uthaimin Allah amusunge anati: Tsopano mzimayi ngati atayeretsedwa (kumatenda akumwezi) ndipo nthawi (ya Swalaat) n'kukhala ilipobe saizi ya raka imodzi kapena kuposa apo, ndithu mzimayi ameneyo ayenera kupemphera nthawi imene iye wayeretsedwa munthawiyo, chifukwa cha mawu a Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam woti: “Amene waipeza raka imodzi ya Asr dzuwa lisanalowe ndiye kuti waipeza Asr” Al-Bukhari ndi Muslim.
16. Nthawi zina matenda akumwezi amadza kwa mzimayi pambuyo pokwana nthawi ya Swalaat kwa kanthawi, choncho pa nthawi imene amayeretsedwa, Swalaat imeneyo sabweza yomwe inali yokakamizidwa kwa iye chilengedwecho chisanadze.
Shaikh Ibnu Uthaimin anati: Matenda akumwezi akadza pambuyo pokwana nthawi ya Swalaat, mwachitsanzo ngati atadwala matendawo pambuyo popendeka dzuwa kwa theka la ola, ndiye kuti mzimaiyo pambuyo poyeretsedwa ku matendawo abweze Swalaat imeneyo yomwe nthawi yake inakwana iye ali woyeretsedwa; chifukwa cha mawu a Allah Wapamwambamwamba woti: “Ndithu Swalaat kwa anthu okhulupilira ili yolamulidwa mu nthawi yake” Sûrah Al-Nisaai Âyah 103
17. Zomwe amachita azimayi ambiri pochedwetsa kusamba janaba kapena matenda akumwezi ngati atayeretsedwa usiku mpaka kutuluka dzuwa kenako n'kuyamba kusamba nkudzabweza Swalaat
Zimenezi ndi Haram kudzera mumgwirizano wa ma ulama (mashaikh akuluakulu). Ndipo zofunikira kwa mzimayiyo n'kuchita changu kusamba komanso kupemphera Swalaat dzuwa lisanatuluke pakuti kudzera mu mgwirizano wa ma ulama sikuloledwa kuitulutsa Swalaat mu nthawi yake mwadala. Ndipo ngati mwamuna atadziwa nakhala chete osadzudzula zimenezo ndiye kuti mwamunayo akuthandizana ndi mkazi wakeyo m’machimo ngati mkaziyo ali wozindikira kuti zimenezo ndi haram koma ngati sali wozindikira ndiye kuti machimo a kusazindikira ndi kuipitsa kwakeko adzakhala pa mwamunayo.
18. Wudhu umene amachita azimayi ena muzikhadabo mwao mutapakidwa utoto
Mosakaika konse ndithu utoto umenewu umatsekereza kwatunthu madzi kufika pa malo; zomwe zimachititsa kuti Wudhu usatheke, ndipo chifukwa cha zimenezi nkofunikira kuchotsa utotowo asanayambe kuchita Wudhu.
19. Kuleka kupemphera ndi kusala komwe amachita azimayi ena kwa nyengo yokwana masiku makumi anayi 40 pambuyo pa matenda omwe amadza pambuyo pobereka (nifaas) ngakhale atayeretsedwa nyengoyi isanakwane
Kumeneku ndiko kumvetsa kolakwika, koma zenizeni pa nkhaniyi ndi zwoti palibe vuto lirilonse kwa mkaziyo ngati atasala, kupemphera Swalaat, kuchita mapemphero a Umrah kapena kukhala malo amodzi ndi mamuna wake ngati atayeretsedwa nyengoyo isanakwane.
1. Kupemphera Swalaat atavala nsalu zopyapyala zoonekera mkati kapena zimene zimafufumitsa maliseche kapenanso zomwe sizili zokwana
Imaam Shafee anayankhula kuti: “Ndipo ngati munthu wapemphera Swalaat atavala malaya woonekera mkati ndiye kuti Swalaatiyo siinaloledwe”. Shaikh Abdullah Ibn Jibreen anayankhula kuti: “Pali anthu omwe amavala zovala (buluku ndi malaya) zazifupizifupi (zosabisa umaliseche), choncho, akachita ruku, zovalazo sizimatha kubisa umaliseche wa munthuyo. Kuwonekera mbali ina ya maliseche kumaononga Swalaat. Lamuloli likukhudzanso mzimayi; ndithu azimayi ena amatheka kulowa mu Swalaat pomwe tsitsi lawo kapena mbali ina ya tsitsi kapena thupi lawo liri lovundukulidwa. Zikachitika izi, mzimayiyo ayenera kuvala bwino ndi kupemphera Swalaatiyo kachiwiri. Izi zanenedwa ndi ma ulama.
2. Kuvundukula mapewa awiri pa Swalaat
Zimenezi ndimbali imodzi ya kulakwitsa komwe kuli kofunikira kukupewa, chifukwa cha mawu a Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam woti: “M’modzi wa inu asapemphere Swalaat mu nsalu imodzi pomwe mmapewa mwake mulibe nsalu iliyonse”. Al-Bukhari ndi Muslim. Kuchokera mu Hadith imeneyi tikuzindikira kulakwa kwa opemphera ena panthawi imene amapemphera Swalaat - makamaka pa nyengo yotentha ndi malaya a ngoleka.
3. Kupemphelera Swalaat nsalu yokhala ndi chithunzi
Hadith inachokerra kwa Anas Allah asangalale naye, iye anati: Panali katani la Mama Aisha lomwe anamutchingira nalo Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam mbali ina ya nyumba yake, choncho Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anamuuza Mama Aisha Allah asangalale naye kuti: “Ndichotsereni zimenezi, ndithu zithunzi zakezo zikungowonekera kwa ine pa Swalaat yanga”, Al-Bukhari.
Kupemphera Swalaat atapanikizidwa ndi mkodzo kapena chimbudzi:
Chifukwa cha mawu a Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam woti: “Palibe kupemphera Swalaat ngati chakudya chaikidwa ngakhalenso pamene akupanikizidwa ndi nyansi ziwiri (mkodzo ndi chimbudzi). Muslim
4. Kukweza mawu ponena niyyah
Monga kuyankhula kuti:
نويت صلاة...
Ndatsimikiza kupemphera Swalaat yakuti yakuti…
Zimenezi zili m'gulu la zinthu zopeka komanso zonyansa (bid'ah). Ibn Al Qayyim anati: “Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam sadatchulepo niyyah mpang’onong’ono pomwe, ndipo palibe aliyense amene anatenga zimenezo ngakhale liwu limodzi lokha kuchokera kwa Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam, mwanjira yovomerezeka ngakhalenso yosavomerezeka yodalilika ngakhalenso yosadalilika. Ndipo ma ulama ambiri anapereka fatwa ywoti sikuli kololedwa kukweza mawu ponena niyyah.
5. Kusagwedeza lilime pochita Takbeer, powerenga Qur'an ndi zonena zina zamu Swalaat, ndikungokhutira kuzinena mumtima basi
Zimenezi ndi zina mwa zolakwika zomwe zafala, Imaam Nawawi anati: “Tsopano amene sali Imaam zomwe ziri Sunnah ndi kusakweza mawu pochita Takbeer, wotsogoleredwa kapena wopemphera pa yekha nchimodzimodzi. Ndipo kusakweza mawu komwe kuli kochepa nkwoti azidzimvetsera iye mwini ngati ali wabwino makutu, komanso ngati palibe chomusokoneza monga phokoso ndi zina zotero. Ndipo zimenezi zifalikire powerenga Qur'an, pochita Takbeer, Tasbeeh pa ruku ndi pena paliponse”.
6. Kuleka kuchita dua yotsegulira Swalaat ndi yodzitetezera kwa satana isanawerengedwe Sûrah Al-Faatiha pomwe zinthu ziwirizo ziri m'gulu la zinthu za Sunnah za Swalaat
8. Mawu a opemphera ena pa dua yotsegulira Swalaat woti:
و لا معبود سواك
Walaa ma'boodu siwaaka
Koma zimene ziri zotsimikizika ndi mawu a Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam onena kuti:
سبحانك اللهم وبحمدك
Subhaanaka Allahumma wabihamdika
Kupatula zimenezi ndikuonjezera zimene zimene sizinadze.
9. Kutukula maso kuyang’ana kumwamba kapena kuyang’ana pamalo omwe sali ochitira sajdah ndizomwe zimachititsa kuiwala ndi kuyamba kuganiza zina.
Ndithu linadza lamulo lotsitsa maso ndi kuyang’ana pamalo wochitira sajdah kupatula panthawi yokhala chifukwa chofuna kupemphera Attahiyyaat, pamenepo maso adzakhala akulozera ku chala cha mkomba phala. Mtumiki anayankhula kuti:
“Nchifukwa ninji anthu akutukula maso ao kuyang’ana kumwamba pa Swalaat yao? Ndipo mawu a Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam adatsindika pa zimenezo mpaka adanena kuti: Ndithu asiya zimenezo kapena atsompholedwa maso awo”. Al-Al-Bukhari ndi Muslim. Ndipo Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam atafunsidwa zakutembenuka pa Swalaat, anati:
“Kumeneko ndi kutsomphola komwe satana amatsomphola mu Swalaat ya munthu”. Al-Bukhari.
Kuchuluka matukutuku ndi masewera pa Swalaat:
Monga kukwelanitsa zala, kugwedeza mapazi mopitilira, kulinganiza nduwira kapena chingerengere chomwe chimakulungidwa m’mutu pamwamba pa mpango, kapenanso pinifolo yomwe azimai amamangira mpango, kuyang’ana nthawi ndi kumanga nsalu, komanso kugwira mphuno ndi ndevu; Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam adawaona anthu akuseweretsa manja awo pa Swalaat ndipo anati:
“Nchifukwa ninji ine ndikukuonani inu mutatukula manja anu ngati michira ya akavalo a dzuwa? Dekhani pa Swalaat” Muslim.
10. Mawu a opemphera ena pambuyo pa mawu a Imam woti:
ولا الضالين
"Walaa dhwaalleen" (natsatiza mawu woti)
آمين ولوالدي والمسلمين
Kuteroku ndiko kusiyana ndi Sunnah.
11. Kusawongola msana poimilira ndi pokhala:
Monga kukhala ngati wopindika msana wake, kapena kuimilira mopendekera mbali yakumanja, chimodzimodzinso kusawongola msana pochita ruku ndi sajdah.
Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam adanena kuti:
“Allah Wolemekezeka sayang’ana Swalaat ya munthu amene sawongola msana wake pakati pa ruku' ndi sajdah yake” Al-Tabarani.
12. Kusadekha pa ruku ndi poweramuka kuchokera pa ruku:
Hadith inachokera kwa Zaid mwana wa Wahab, iye anati: Huzaifa anamuona munthu amene sankakwaniritsa ruku ndi Sajdah. Iye anati:
"Sunapemphere, ndipo ukadamwalira ndiye kuti ukadamwalira usali m'chilengedwe chimene Allah adamulenga nacho Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam" Al-Bukhari.
Ndipo naye Abu Hurairah (Allah asangalale naye) adalandira Hadith yochokera kwa Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam. Iye (Mtumiki) adamuona munthu amene adalowa mu Mzikiti napemphera Swalaat, ndipo Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam adayankhula nati:
"Bwelera ukapempherenso, ndithu iwe sunapemphere" Al-Bukhari.
13. Opemphera ena amaonjezera pa nthawi yoweramuka pa ruku mawu woti: "والشكر" pa mawu woti "ربنا ولك الحمد" :
Kuonjezera kumeneku sikunatsimikizike kuchokera kwa Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam.
14. Kugwedeza chala pakati pa sajdah ziwiri
Zimene ziri zotsimikizika kuchokera kwa iye swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ndi zwoti iye swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ankaloza ndi chala chake cha mkomba phala mkatikati mwa kukhala kwake chifukwa cha Attahiyyaatu ziwiri.
15. Kusalowa naye Imam ngati ali pa Sajdah kuti mpaka adzuke, kapena ngati atakhala kuti mpaka aimilire
Zenizeni ndi zakuti ulowe naye limodzi Imam mulimonse m’mene iye ali; ataimilira, kapena atachita ruku, kapena ali pa sajdah, kapenanso atakhala. Hadith inachokera kwa Muadh (Allah asangalale naye) iye anati: Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ananena kuti:
“M’modzi wa inu ngati atadza mu Swalaat ndipo Imam ali mmene aliri ayenera kuchita chimodzimodzi zimene akuchita Imam” Tirmidhi.
16. Kuimilira kwa munthu wochedwa kuti alipe zomwe zamudutsa pamene Imam asanapereke salam kapena nthawi yoyamba Imam kupereka salam
Pa nkhani imeneyi, Shaikh Abdurrahman bun Al-Sa'diy (Allah amumvere chisoni) anati: Zimenezo siziri zovomerezeka kwa iyeyo ndipo n'kofunikira kwa iyeyo kuti akhale kanthawi kufikira Imam atachita salam yachiwiri, choncho ngati waimilira pamene Imam asanamalize salam yake napanda kubwelera, ndiye kuti Swalaat yakeyo idzatembenuka kukhala Sunnah, ndipo ayenera kubweza”.
17. Kufulumira ndi kuthamangira kuti akampeze Imam asanachite ruku yake
Kufulumira kumeneku nkoletsedwa, chifukwa cha mawu a Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam woti
"Ngati Swalaat yaima, musaithamangire, koma idzereni mukuyenda, ndipo muyenera kudekha, zimene mwazipeza pempherani, ndipo zimene zakudutsani zikwaniritseni”. Al-Bukhari ndi Muslim.
18. Kulowa mu mzikiti utadya adiyo kapena anyezi:
Zimenezo nzoletsedwa monga momwe ziliri mu Hadith ya Ibn Umar (Allah asangalale naye) yochokera kwa Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam. Iye anati:
"Amene wadya zochokera mu mtengo uwu (wa adiyo) asauyandikire mzikiti wathu (Al-Bukhari).
Tsopano ngati fungo la adiyo kapena la anyezi litachoka kudzera munjira yophika, ndiye kuti palibe vuto kulowa mu mzikitiwo.
19. Kuonjezera liwu lwoti "سيدنا Sayyidnaa" pa Tahiyyaatu pomupemphera madalitso Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam pa Swalaat:
Al Haafiz Ibn Hajar (Allah asangalale naye), ananena kuti: “Kutsatira mawu omwe ananena kuchokera kwa Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam nzomwe ziri ndi mphamvu koposa, ndipo pasayankhulidwe mawu woti: Mwina Iye anasiya zimenezo chifukwa cha kudzichepetsa kwake swalla Allahu alaih wasallam, pomwe omutsatira ake ali ofunikira kuti ayankhule zimenezo nthawi iliyonse imene zitchulidwe, chifukwa ife tikuti: Zimenezo zikanakhala kuti ndi zamphamvu ndiye kuti zikanadza kuchokera kwa ma Sahabah, kenakonso kwa otsatira pambuyo pa ma Sahabah. Ndipo sitinapeze chilichonse chochokera mu zokamba za aliyense wa ma Sahabah ngakhalenso otsatira pambuyo pa ma Sahabah kuti iye anayankhula zimenezo, ngakhale kuti zochokera kwa iwo zinali zochuluka”
20. Kupemphera Sunnah pa nthawi yoima Swalaat (ya faradh)
Hadith inachokera kwa Abu Hurairah (Allah asangalale naye) kuti: Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam adanena kuti: “Ngati Swalaat yaima, palibenso kupemphera Swalaat ina pokhapokha ya faradh”.
Nayenso Imam Muslim anatulutsa Hadith yonena kuti: Mneneri swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anamudutsa munthu wina akupemphera Swalaat, Swalaat ya Al-Subh itaima, choncho adamuyankhula iye ndi mawu omwe sitikudziwa kuti anali mawu otani, ndipo pamene tinabalalikana tinamuzungulira iye n'kunena kuti: Kodi wakuuza chiyani Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam? Iye anati: wandiuza kuti:
“Akuyandikira m’modzi wa inu kuti apemphere sub-hi ma raka anayi 4”.
21. Kudutsa patsogolo pa munthu yemwe akupemphera Swalaat
Ndithu opemphera ena amachitira ulesi lamulo limeneli, pomwe mkati mwalamuloli muli chilango chowawa. Hadith inachokera kwa Abi Al-Juhaim (Allah asangalale naye), ndipo anati: Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam adanena kuti:
“Akanakhala kuti wodutsa patsogolo pa munthu wopemphera Swalaat akudziwa zovuta zomwe zimakhala pamenepo, akadaona kuti kuima kulibwino kwa iye kuposa kuti adutse patsogolo pa munthu wopemphera Swalaat” Abu Al-Nadhar, m’modzi wa olandira Hadith adanena kuti: Sindikudziwa kuti (Mtumiki salla Allah alaih wasallam) adanena kuti masiku makumi anayi kapena miyezi makumi anayi kapenanso zaka makumi anayi? Al-Bukhari.
22. Mawu a anthu ena pa nthawi yoimika Swalaat (Iqaamah) onena kuti “أقامها الله وأدامها”Aqaamaha Allahu wa adaamaha
Hadith yomwe inadza pa nkhani imeneyi ndiyofooka, yosadalilidwa, choncho kulibwino kuzisiya zimenezo.
23. Kusatchinga kuyesamula kwa munthu wopemphera Swalaat mkatikati mwa Swalaat yake
Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam adanena kuti:
“M’modzi wa inu ngati akuyesamula ali mu Swalaat ayenera kubisa (pakamwa pake) m’mene angathere, chifukwa amalowamo satana” Muslim.
Kutchingako nkuti akubweze kuyesamulako m’mene angathere, ndipo zimenezo zimachitika poika dzanja pakamwa monga momwe zinadzera m’mahadith ena.
24. Kupemphera Swalaat pakati pa masitepe:
Chifukwa cha zomwe ziri m’menemo monga kudula maswafa (mizere). Hadith inachokera kwa Qurrah Allah asangalale naye, iye anati: “Tinkaletsedwa kuimika mizere pakati pa masitepe mu nthawi ya Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ndiponso tinkapirikitsidwamo zedi”. Ibn Majah
25. Kusapemphera Swalaat ya Jumu’ah kwa anthu ena chifukwa cha kutangwanika kwao ndikuonerera mpira wa miyendo
Tikufun kuti tiwakumbutse iwowa kuti amene wasiya pemphero la Jumu’ah kokwana katatu mondondozana popanda chifukwa, adzadindidwa pamtima pake ndipo adzakhala mmodzi wa onyalanyaza komanso mmodzi wa achiphamaso monga momwe zinatsimikizika mu Hadith ya Sahihi.
Tim'pemphe Allah kuti atitsogolere ndi kutiongola mapazi athu, ndipo Allah apereke madalitso ndi mtendere kwa Muhammad salla Alalh alaih wasallam, abale ake ndi ma sahaba ake onse.
وجوب صلاة الجماعة وفضلها
Kupemphera pagulu ndikokakamizidwa muchipembedzo cha Chisilamu kwa amuna, akakhala paulendo ngakhalenso pamene sali paulendo.
Allah akumuuza Mtumiki wake swalla Allahu alaih wasallam kuti:
وَإِذَا كُنْتَ فِيهِمْ فَأَقَمْتَ لَهُمُ الصَّلَاةَ فَلْتَقُمْ طَائِفَةٌ مِنْهُمْ مَعَكَ
"Ndipo ngati uli pamodzi (ndi Asilamu pankhondo) ndikuwatsogolera Swalaat, ndiye kuti gulu limodzi laiwo liimirire pamodzi nawe ndikupemphera…" Sûrah Al Nisaai Âyah 102
Mu Sharih Muntaha akunena kuti:
Ndithu limeneli ndilamulo lokakamizidwa, chifukwa ngati Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam amalamulidwa kuchita Swalaat pamodzi ndi anthu ake ali wamantha ndinkhondo, ndiye kuli bwanji amene ali pamtendere.
Abu Hurairah analandira Hadith kuchokera kwa Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam yakuti:
أثقل الصلاة على المنافقين صلاة العشاء وصلاة الفجر، ولو يعلمون ما فيهما لأتوهما ولو حبوا...
“Swalaat zimene zili zolemera (kuvuta) kwambiri kwa mamunafikuna (achiphamaso) ndi Swalaat ya Isha ndi Subhi (mapemphero akummawa ndi ausiku) ndipo anthu amenewa akanakhala kuti amadziwa zaubwino wa mapemphero awiriwa, bwenzi akubwera kudzapemphera nawo ngakhale chokwawa, ndipo ine ndinafuna kulamula kuti anthu achite Swalaat ndiye ndilamule m’modzi mwa iwo kuti awapempheretse, ndipo ine ndi anthu ena titenge mitolo ya nkhuni tipite kwa anthu amene sanabwere kudzapemphera kuti tikawatenthere nyumba zawo ndi moto”
Anadza kwa iye munthu wakhungu amene analibe munthu womulondolera njira kudzampempha kuti amulole azipemphera ku nyumba. Koma iye poyankha ananena kuti:
“Kodi umamva kuitana?”
Iye anayankha kuti inde ndimamva. Basi Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anamuuza kuti ayenera kumayankha kuitanako. Kupemphera pa Jamat (pagulu) kumatheka pakapezeka anthu awiri, otsogolera (Imaam) ndiwotsatira wake (Maamum), ndiye ngakhale otsatirayo ali wamkazi.
Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam akuti:
“Kuyambira anthu awiri kupita mtsogolo, ndithu imeneyi ndi gulu (Jamat)”
Koma Jamat siitheka ngati opemphera onse ali osatha msinkhu m’mapemphero a Faradh. Mawumboni osonyeza kuti kupemphera pa Jamat (pagulu) ndikofunika ndipo ndikokakamizidwa kutero ndiawa:
Allah akunena kuti:
وَارْكَعُوا مَعَ الرَّاكِعِينَ
"Ndipo weramani (pamapemphero anu) pamodzi ndi owerama" Sûrah Al-Baqarah Âyah 43
Allah akuti:
فِي بُيُوتٍ أَذِنَ اللَّهُ أَنْ تُرْفَعَ وَيُذْكَرَ فِيهَا اسْمُهُ
"(Apezeke akupemphera kasanu) m'nyumba zomwe Allah walamula kuti zilemekezedwe; ndipo m'menemo Dzina Lake litchulidwe"
“Ibn Masuud ananena kuti:
من سره أن يلقي الله تعالى غدا مسلما فليحافظ على هؤلاء الصلوات حيث ينادي بهن..
“Yemwe kukumusangalatsa kukumana ndi Allah mawa ali Msilamu ayenera kusunga Swalaat munthawi imene oyitana akuyitanira kumapempherowo.”
Abu Hurairah Allah asangalale naye ananena kuti:
Mtumiki akuti:
“Swalaat ya munthu pa Jamat (pagulu) malipiro ake amawonjezereka kusiyana ndi Swalaat imene munthu amapempherera kunyumba ndi kumsika, ndi masitepe okwana makumi awiri ndi asanu, chifukwa iyeyo amachita Wudhu mwaubwino, akatero amatuluka ndikumapita ku mzikiti, ndipo kutuluka kwake kumakhala kwa cholinga chwoti akapemphere basi. Tsopanotu akamayenda kupita ku mzikitiko akangonyamula phazi lake, Allah amamuonjezera malipiro ake molingana ndi mmene akuponyera mapazi ake poyenda. Ndipo amamuchotsera machimo ake, ndipo akayamba kupemphera Angelo amam'pempherera pamene iye ali pamapempherowo. Angelowo amati: "Ee Allah mulandireni munthuyu zofuna zake, ee Allah m'khululukireni zochimwa zake ndipo mchitireni chisoni." Ndipo Angelowo amakhala akupempha Allah kuchokera nthawi imene munthu akuyembekeza kuyambika kwa Swalaat mumzikitimo kufikira nthawi imene iye aimilira kuchoka pamalo pamene wapemphererapo."
Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anatinso:
صلاة الجماعة أفضل من صلاة الفرد بسبع وعشرين درجة
“Swalaat yopempherera pa Jamat (gulu) ili yolemekezeka kusiyana ndi Swalaat imene munthu amapemphera pa yekha ndi masitepe okwana makumi awiri ndi mphamphu zisanu ndi zíwiri, kapena makumi awiri ndi mphambu zisanu”. Hadith yi anailandira mwana wa Abbasi kuchokera kwa Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam.
Akunenanso kuti:
من سمع النداء فلم يأت فلا صلاة له إلا من عذر أو مرض
“Amene wamva kuitana kwa muadhin ndiye osapita kumene aitanako, Swalaat yake siliyololedwa pokhapokha ngati pali chifukwa chenicheni chomuletsa kupita kumene akuitanako. Ndipo mu Hadith ina ananena kuti: Pokhapokha ngati pali chifukwa chenicheni kapena matenda”.
Mu buku la Al- Mughni muli mawu onena kuti:
“Munthu amene apemphera payekha pomwe Jamat ilipo, ndiye kuti wachimwa, Allah akamulanga. Koma Swalaat imene wapemphera yekhayo asabweze”. Ndipo Bukuli likutinso: “Munthu akukakamiziawa kupemphera pa Jamat mumzikiti ngati wamva kuitana”.
Awa ndiye mawu abwino amene akugwirizana ndi ma Hadith a Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam.
Tsopano ngati pali matenda kapena zoletsa zenizeni, munthu akuloledwa kusiya Swalaat yapa Jamaah (Swalaat ya pagulu) ndi Swalaat ya Jumu’ah (tsiku la Chisanu).
Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam akunena mu Hadith imene anayilandira mwana wa Abbas Allah asangalale naye kuti:
"Munthu amene wamva kuitana (Adhaan) ndiye sanaletsedwe kupitako ndi chovuta china chilichonse, Allah sangalandire mapemphero ake." Ndipo otsatira anafunsa kuti kodi zoletsa zake ndi monga chiyani?
Iye anati: "Mantha ndi matenda. Manthawo amatha kukhala podziwopera mwini wake, kapena abale ake, kapena akuwopa kufupikira kwa imfa ya m’bale wake kapena akuopa mvula, kapena kuzizira kwambiri, kapena mphepo yamkuntho, kapenanso mdima waukulu.
Tsopano ngati tipemphera pagulu, tiyenera kumafulumiza kukaima pa mzere woyamba chifukwa Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam amawuza anthu ubwino wa mzere woyamba pa Swalaat. Anali kunena kuti:
إن الله وملائكته يصلون على الصف الأول
“Ndithu Allah ndi Angelo ake amafunira zabwino (kwapangira ma Dua) anthu opemphera mzere woyamba.”
حكم صلاة الجمعة
Zili zokakamizidwa kwa Msilamu wamwamuna aliyense, wotha msinkhu komanso mfulu, kupemphera Swalaat ya Jumu’ah ngati palibe chifukwa china chilichonse choletsa kupempherako.
Mawumboni okhazikitsa Swalaat ya Jumu’ah ali mu Buku lopatulika (Qur'an), ndi ma Hadith a Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam komanso anthu ophunzira anagwirizana kuti anthu azisonkhana tsiku la Chisanu ndikupemphera Swalaat ya Jumu’ah.
Tsopano mawumboni ochokera m'Qur'an, Allah akunena kuti:
يَا أَيُّهَا الَّذِينَ آمَنُوا إِذَا نُودِيَ لِلصَّلَاةِ مِن يَوْمِ الْجُمُعَةِ فَاسْعَوْا إِلَىٰ ذِكْرِ اللَّه
“E inu amene mwakhulupirira! Kukaitanidwaku Swala (pemphero la Ijuma) tsiku la Ijuma, pitani mwachangu kukamtamanda Allah. Ndipo siyani malonda; zimenezo (mwalamulidwazo) nzabwino kwa inu ngati
mukudziwa.”
Ndipo umboni wochokera mu Hadith, Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam imene ananena kuti:
الجمعة حق واجب على كل مسلم في جماعة إلا أربعة..
“Swalaat ya Jumu’ah (mapemphero a tsiku Lachisanu) ndiokakamizidwa kwa Msilamu aliyense kupemphera pagulu (Jamat) kupatula anthu anai: kapolo amene ali mmanja mwa munthu wina, mkazi, mwana ndi wodwala.”
Anthu onse ophunzira za chipembedzo anagwirizana kuti mapemphero a tsiku lachisanuwa ndiokakamizidwa kwa Msilamu aliyense, pokhapokha pakhale chifukwa chovomerezeka cholepheretsa kutero.
Koma kwa anthu amene ali ndi zifukwa zosiyanasiyana monga: matenda ndi amene ali paulendo, angathe kupemphera Swalaat ya Al-Dhuhr mmalo mwa Jumu'ayo. Kwa anthu amene akuloledwa kupungula Raka za Swalaat, sali okakamizidwa kupemphera nawo Swalaat ya Jumu’ah. Koma kwa munthu amene wapeza mapemphero a Jumu'awo, ayenera kupemphera nawo.
Amene akudwala ndi amene ali ndi mantha pa moyo wake, chuma chake kapena abale ake, kuti mwina akapita kukapemphera Swalaat ya Jumu’ah kumzikiti angadwale chifukwa chakuzizira kapena chifukwa cha dzuwa lambiri, kapena mwina akuwopa kuti akapita kumzikitiko katundu kapena chuma chake chingathe kubedwa kapena kuwonongeka, ndi amene ali pa ntchito zwoti sangathe kupita nazo ku Jumu’ah kapena munthu amene ali ndi chifukwa chololedwa kusiya Swalaat ya Jumu’ah; akuloledwa kusiya. Koma ngati apita kukalowa mumzikiti pamene anthu akupemphera Swalaat ya Jumu’ah adzakakamizidwa kupemphera nawo Swalayo.. Ndiye ngakhale odwala ngati ali mumzikiti kuti akudwalira mumzikitimo, ayenera kupemphera nawo Jum'ayo. Chifukwa akuloledwa kusiya Jum'ayo kamba kakuti sangathe kupita kumzikiti.
شروط صحة صلاة الجمعة
Zofunikira kuti mapemphero a Jumu’ah alandiridwe zilipo zinayi:
Choyamba: Nthawi
Nthawi ya Jumu’ah imayamba pamene nthawi yoyamba kupemphera Swalaat ya Eid ikwana kufikira nthawi yopemphera Al- Dhuhr. Koma zili koyenera kupemphera Jumu'ayo dzuwa likangopendeka pang’ono.
Chachiwiri: Malo
Azikhala mapempherowo pa mudzi pwoti pali nyumba ngakhale nyumbazo zili zomangidwa ndi mapesi. Koma ngati zili nyumba za matenti (zilona) kapena zamangidwa ndi zikopa za nyama, anthu a m'nyumba zoterezi sali wololedwa kupemphera Jumu’ah chifukwa amakhala anthu oyenda, sakhala chaka chathunthu ali malo amodzi.
Chachitatu: Gulu la anthu
Mawu amene akuwoneka kuti ndiachilungamo kuchokera m'mawu onse amene ma Ulama anayankhulapo pa chiwerengero cha Jamaahh ya Jumu’ah malinga ndi kugwirizana kwa mawumboni a Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam pakhomo limeneli, ndiwoti Swalaatt ya Jumu’ah simapempheredwa ngati anthu sanakwane Jamaahh (gulu). Koma ma chifukwa cha kusapezeka umboni wochokera kwa Mtumiki salla Allah alaih wasallam osonyeza chiwelegero chenicheni cha anthu omwe akukwanira kuchita Jamaahh, ma ulamaa pambuyo pochita ijtihaad yawo anasiyana zoyankhula. Ndipo zoyang’ana chiwerengero cha anthu pa pemphero la Jumu’ah sizowona. Pankhani imeneyi ma imaam anasiyanapo ndipo zokamba zilipo zambiri pafupifupi 15, koma maganizo omwe ali otchuka omwe ambiri amatengera ndi osalabadira chiwerengero cha anthu amenewo. Choncho Jumu’ah imakwanira ngati papezeka gulu, ndipo gulu limayambira ndi anthu atatu. Izi zikuchokera mu Sahih Fiqh Sunnah, 1/593 (العدد الذي تصح به الجمعة – chiwerengero chomwe Jumah imaloledwa nacho)
Chachinayi: Khutbah
Kutsogoza makhutuba awiri. Chifukwa Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam amachita makhutuba awiri ndipo pakati pamakhutuba awiriwo amakhala kaye pansi pang’ono.
Zina mwa zofunika zake ndi izi:
Nthawi imene tikufuna kuchita khutba: Tikuyenera kudziwa kuti makhutba awiri aja amalowa mmalo mwa Raka ziwiri.
Pafunika (Niyyah) kutsimikiza mumtima: kuti ukufuna kuchita khutba, ndikutinso makhutba awiriwa azikhala mu nthawi ya mapemphero a Jumu'ayo.
Komanso munthu wochita khutbayo azikhala wovomerezeka kukhala Imaam wa mapemphero a Jumu’ah
Nsanamila za makhutuba awiriwa zomwe ndi zisanu ndi imodzi:
1. Kumutamanda Allah,
2. kupempherera Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam (kumufunira zabwino)
3. ndikuwauza anthu kuti azimuopa Allah.
4. Makhutba awiriwa azitsogozana ndi mapemphero a Jumu’ah.
5. Mukhutbamo muzipezeka aayah zochokera m'Qur'an
6. ndiponso munthu wochita khutubayo azikweza mawu ake kuti anthu onse azimva uthengawo.
MaSunnah a Khutba:
1. Twahara (kudziyeretsa)
2. Kubisa maliseche
3. Kuchotsa zoipa pathupi, zovala ndi pamalo popangira khutba
4. Kuwapangira Dua yabwino Asilamu onse
5. Makhutba awiriwa azitsogozana ndi marakah awiri a Jumu’ah
6. Wochita khutbayo azikweza mawu ake m’mene angathere
7. Azichita khutbayo ali chiyimire pansanja (mimbar)
8. Azikhala pansi pang’ono pakati pa makhutba awiriwo
9. Asamatalikitse kwambiri
10. Khutba yachiwiri idzikhala yofupikirapo kusiyana ndi yoyamba.
1. Ndizoletsedwa kuyankhula pamene Imaam akuchita Khutba. Ngati iye ali mu mzikitimo ndipo Imaam akuchita khutba, ayenera kukhala chete ndikumamumvera Imaamuyo zomwe akunena.
2. Ndizoletsedwa kupemphera mapemphero a Jumu’ah kapena Eid malo awiri kapena ambiri m’mudzi umodzi pokhapokha pakhale chifukwa chenicheni, monga kuchepa kwa malo opemphererawo kapena kutalikira kwa malo amene Jumu’ah kapena Eid zikuchitikirako kapena kuwopa kuti chitadzabuke mikangano kapena mavuto ena ake chifukwa chakusiyana zochitika. Koma ngati apemphera Jumu’ah kapena Eid malo ambiri osiyanasiyana mudzi umodzi popanda chifukwa chenicheni muzifukwa tatchulazi, ndiye kuti mapemphero oterowo ndiwoletsedwa.
3. Munthu ngati wachedwerapo ndipo wapeza Imaam ali pa Ruku’u (wawerama) Rakat yomaliza, ndiye kuti iyeyo waipeza Jumu’ah ndipo abweze Rakat imodzi imene yamudutsayo. Koma ngati angapeze kuti Imaam watsala pang’ono kumaliza Rakat yachiwiri kuti mwina waweramuka pa Ruku kapena ali pa Sijida, achite Niyyah yopemphera Al-Dhuhr chifukwa Jumu’ah yamudutsa.
Sunnah za Jumu’ah zilipo rakat zisanu ndi imodzi koma munthu angathe kupemphera ziwiri zokha basi. Zimenezi ndi Sunnah pambuyo pa mapemphero a Jumu’ah. Komanso pali Sunnah zina zimene zili zofunika kuchita pa tsikuli monga:
1. Kuwerenga Suraat Kahf (سورة الكهف)
2. Kuchulutsa kumupempherera ndikumfunira zabwino Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam, ndikuchulutsa kumupempha Allah zofuna zathu (ma Dua) patsikuli, chifukwa tsiku limeneli liri ndi nthawi imene Allah mwini wake anaika kuti munthu akapempha pa nthawi imeneyo zonse zimene wapempha zimalandiridwa. Pali Hadith imene ikunena zabwino za tsiku la Chisanuli, Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anati:
خير يوم طلعت فيه الشمس يوم الجمعة
Tsiku limene limatuluka bwino dzuwa, ndi tsiku la Chisanu.
1. Ndipo ndi Sunnah kusamba tsiku limeneli, ndipo ena amati koma ndizokakamizidwa kutero.
2. Kuvala zovala zabwino pa tsikuli.
3. Amuna kuzithira mafuta onunkhira
4. Kutsuka mano.
Ma Sunnahwa alipo ambiri
Kupita kumzikiti mofulumira patsikuli ndibwino kwambiri. Ndipo ndizoletsedwa kuchita malonda ena aliwonse pambuyo pakuti Adhana yachiwiri yapangidwa. Ndizoipa kwambiri munthu amene wabwera mumzikiti mochedwa kumakwera anthu mmapewa pofuna kuti apeze malo kumzere woyamba.
Pali Hadith imene ikuti:
“Ndithu Angelo amaima pakhomo la mzikiti tsiku la Chisanu ali ndi mabuku ndikumalemba maina kuyambira woyamba, wachiwiri, wachitatu, kufikira Imaam alowe mumzikitimo ndiye basi amavindikira mabukuwo.”
صلاة العيدين
Mapemphero a Eid ndi Sunnah yofunikira kwambiri (Sunnah Muakkadah).
Zofunika pamapemphero amenewa ndi chimodzimodzi zimene zimafunika pa mapemphero a Jumu’ah, kupatula makhutba awiri. Chifukwa makhutba awiriwa pa Jumu’ah ndiokakamizidwa kuchita, pomwe pamapemphero a Eid ndi Sunnah.
Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam ananena kuti:
“Ife timachita khutba pa Eid, amene akufuna kukhala kuti amvere khutuba, akhale, ndiponso amene akufuna kupita azipita.”
Sunnah zamapemphero a Eid ndi izi:
1. Mapemphero azichitikira pabwalo. Sizololedwa kupemphera Sunnah pambuyo pakutha mapemphero kapena mapempherowo asanayambe.
2. Nthawi ya mapemphero ndi nthawi imene timapemphera Sunnah ya Al-Dhuha, dzuwa litangotuluka kumene kummawa. Ngati nthawi imeneyi munthu ingamudutse kufikira dzuwa litapendeka, akuloledwa kubweza mapempherowa ngakhale mawa lake kummawa. Tsopano nthawi yake yeni yeni yamapempherowa ndipamene dzuwa lituluka mulingo wokwanira ngati muvi kapena mivi iwiri, kufikira pamene dzuwa limatsala pang’ono kupendeka.
3. Kumutamanda Allah mokweza mawu (amuna, ndipo akazi atsitse mawu awo) kuyambira usiku wa Eid, m’mizikiti, m’nyumba ndi m’misewu. Ndiye zilibwino kwa Msilamu aliyense akamatuluka m’nyumba mwake kupita kukapemphera Eid kumamutamanda Allah mpaka akafike kumalo opemphelera Eid. Ndipo akhale akumtamanda Allah kufikira Imaam atabwera. Ndipo kumtamanda kwake aziti:
الله أكبر الله أكبر الله أكبر، لا إله إلا الله، والله أكبر الله أكبر، ولله الحمد
"Allah ndi wamkulu, Allah ndi wamkulu. Palibe mulungu wina wachowonadi koma Allah mmodzi yekha, Allah ndi wamkulu ndipo kutamandika konse ndi kwa Allah".
4. Ndi Sunnah pa tsikuli kusamba mmawa, kudzola mafuta onunkhira ndi kutsuka m’mano. Kuvala zovala zabwino, kukhala munthu waukhondo ndikudzikongoletsa pochotsa zikhadabo ndi fungo loipa. Zina mwa Sunnazi ndikupita ku Eid poyenda pansi osati kukwera chokwera ndipo ngati popita ku Eid unadzera njira ina yake, pobwerera udzere njira ina.
Pa tsiku la Eid munthu adye asanapemphere mapemphero a Eidul-Fitr, koma pa Eidul-Adh'ha ayambe wapemphera asanadye, kenako akadye nyama imene iye wazinga patsikuli. Ndipo msilamu ayenera kumapereka chopereka (Zakaatul-Fitr), ndikuwathandiza abale ake powasangalatsa pa zinthu zimene angathe kuwasangalatsira (zabwino) ndiponso aziwonetsa nkhope ya chimwemwe ndi yosangalala kwa munthu aliyense amene akukumana naye.
5. Kupita kukapemphera Eidul-Adh'a mofulumira ndikuchedwerapo kukapemphera Eidul-Fitr. Ndi Sunnah kupita mofulumira kukapemphera Eidul-Adh'ha pofuna kupereka nthawi yokwanira kuti anthu akaphe nyama zawo patsikuli. Monga mmenenso ziliri Sunnah kuchedwerapo kupemphera Eidul-Fitr kufuna kupereka mpata kuti anthu apereke zopereka zawo (Zakatul-Fitr) asanapemphere monga mmene amachitira Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam.
6. Kapempheredwe ka Eid ziwiri ndi makhutba ake: Palibe kuchita Adhan kapena Iqama pa mapemphero awiriwa:
Ibn Abbas Allah asangalale naye anati:
أن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلم صلى العيد بغير آذان ولا إقامة
“Ndithu Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam anapemphera Eid popanda Adhan ndi Iqama”.
Mapemphero a Eid ali ndi rakat ziwiri koma ndi Sunnah kuwerenga Surah Al-A'laaالأعلى ndipo Rakat yachiwiri aziwerenga Suratul Ghaashiya .الغاشيAzimutamanda Allah pochita Takbir kasanu ndi kawiri (07) pambuyo pochita yoyamba yotsekulira mapemphero. Takbiir yoweramira ikhala yake yake. Akapita pa Rakat yachiwiri achita matakbiir (05) asanu okha basi. Kukweza manja pa Takbiir iliyonse ndi Sunnah.
Ndi Sunnah pa makhutba a Eid ziwiri kuti Imaam azitsekulira makhutbawo ndi matakbir asanu ndi anai. Khutba yachiwiri azichita matakbir asanu ndi awiri. Khutba ya Eid imachitika pambuyo pa mapemphero ndipo zilibwino kwambiri kuti ochita khutuba anenepo za ubwino wopereka Zakutul-Fitr, ndikuti azinena za malamulo ake. Chimodzimodzinso pochita khutba ya Eidul-Adh'ha; azinena ubwino wozinga nyama patsikuli ndi malamulo ake.
7. Malamulo kwa munthu amene mapemphero a Eid amudutsa: Akamudutsa mapemphero a Eid, abweze ngakhale dzuwa litapendeka, chifukwa mmodzi mwa otsatira Mtumiki salla Allah alaih wasallam zinamuchitikirapo. Iyeyutu ndi Anas Allah asangalale naye.
8. Kuzinga nyama ndi kuchita ntchito zabwino pa tsiku la khumi mmwezi wa Dhul Hijjah: Amene wazinga nyama asanapemphere mapemphero a Eid, siikhala nsembe, koma ayenera kuzinga pambuyo pamapemphero. Allah akunena kuti:
فَصَلِّ لِرَبِّكَ وَانْحَرْ
“(Pakuti ndakupatsa zimenezo), pitiriza kupembedza Mbuye wako (moyera mtima) ndipo ipha nsembe yako (chifukwa chakuthokoza Allah pazimene wakupatsa, monga ulemerero ndikukusankhira zabwino zambiri).”
Ndipo ndi Sunnah kulimbikira kuchita ntchito zabwino m’masiku khumi amwezi wa Dhul Hijjah monga mmene ma Hadith a Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam akunenera. Ntchito zina mwa izo ndi monga kuzinga nyama, kumutamanda Allah pafupipafupi ndi kupereka zopereka kwa anthu ovutika ndi abale, ndi zina zotero.
9. Zikuloledwa kwa akazi kupita nawo kukapemphera mapemphero a Eid: Ndikoyenera kuvala buyibuyi ndikutinso asadzole mafuta onunkhiritsa ndiponso asasakanikirane ndi amuna.
10. Kodi tingafunirane zabwino bwanji pa tsikuli? Jubeir mwana wa Nufeir ananena kuti:
كان أصحاب رسول الله صلى الله عليه وسلم إذا التقوا يوم العيد يقول بعضهم لبعض: تقبل الله منا ومنك
“Otsatira Mtumiki Muhammad swalla Allahu alaih wasallam amati akakumana patsikuli ndi mzawo amanena kuti atilandire ife Allah ndi inu.”.
أحكام صلاة المريض وطهارته
Kutamandidwa konse n'kwa Allah Mbuye wa zolengedwa zonse, madalitso ndi mtendere zipite kwa wolemekezeka wa aneneri ndi atumiki, mneneri Muhammad swalla Allah alaih wasallam ndi kubanja lake ndi maswahaba ake onse
Awa ndi mawu achidule okhudzana ndi ena mwa malamulo a kudziyeretsa kwa wodwala ndi Swalaat yake. Ndithu Allah Subhaanah wa Ta'la anakhazikitsa kudziyeretsa pa Swalaat iliyonse, choncho kuchotsa uve ndi nyansi kaya ili pathupi, kapena pa nsalu, kapena pa malo woswalira, ndizinthu zofunikira muzofunikira za Swalaat. Msilamu akafuna kupemphera ayenera kuchita Wudhu wodziwikawu, pochotsa uve waung’ono kapena asambe ngati uve wake uli waukulu. Ndipo asanayambe kuchita Wudhu nkofunika kuti achite Istinjaa (kutsuka nyansi) ndi madzi kapena kugwiritsa ntchito miyala kwa amene akodza, kapena achita chimbudzi, kuti kudziyeretsa ndi ukhondo zikwanire. Munkhani ikubwerayi muli kulongosola ena mwa malamulo okhudzana ndi zimenezo.
Choncho kuchotsa nyansi yotuluka kumaliseche ndi madzi, monga nkodzo ndi chimbudzi, nkofunika.
Kwa amene wagona kapena watulutsa mphepo, asachite “Istinjaa” koma chofunika kwa iye ndikuchita Wudhu. Chifukwa chwoti istinjaa inakhazikitsidwa ndicholinga chochotsa nyansi, ndipo pakugona ndi kutulutsa mphweya palibe nyansi.
Kugwiritsa ntchito miyala pochotsa nyansi kumachitika mmalo mochita istinjaa ndi madzi, kotero kudzachitika ndi miyala itatu kapena chimene chingakhale mmalo mwa miyala, chifukwa cha zimene zatsimikizika kuchokera kwa Mneneri swalla Allah alaih wasallam kuti iye anati:
"Amene akufuna kugwiritsa ntchito miyala, agwiritse ntchito miyala yosemphana chiwerengero (kuyambira itatu)"
Chifukwanso cha mawu ake swalla Allah alaih wasallam woti:
"Mmodzi wa inu akafuna kupita kokachita chimbudzi apite ndi miyala itatu, chifukwa imeneyo ikwaniritsa kuchotsako".
Komanso chifukwa cha kuletsa kwake Mtumiki swalla Allah alaih wasallam kugwiritsa ntchito miyala yochepera pa itatu.
Nkosaloledwa kuchotsa nyansi pogwiritsa ntchito ndowe, mafupa ndi chakudya, komanso chilichonse chimene chiri ndi ulemerero. Ndipo ndibwino munthu achotse nyansi ndi miyala, kapena zofanana ndi miyala, monga pepala ndi zina zotero, kenako natsatiza madzi, chifukwa amayeretsa pamalopo, choncho kumakhala kokwanira. Koma munthu ali ndi kusankha pogwiritsa ntchito madzi kapena miyala ndi zofanana ndi miyala. Hadith inachokera kwa Anasi Allah asangalale naye, iye anati:
"Mneneri swalla Allah alaih wasallam amkalowa m'chimbudzi ndipo ine ndi mnyamata wina tinkanyamula kachiwiya ndi ndodo nachita istinjaa ndi madzi)”.
Hadith inachokeranso kwa Bibi Aisha (Allah asangalale naye) kuti iye analiuza gulu la azimai kuti:
“Alamulireni azimuna anu kuti azidziyeretsa ndi madzi chifukwa ine ndikuchita mawo manyazi, ndithu Mtumiki wa Allah ankachita zimenezo”.
Koma akafuna kugwiritsa ntchito chimodzi ndi bwino kugwiritsa ntchito madzi, chifukwa madziwo amayeretsa malowo, ndipo amachotseratu nyansiyo ndi zizindikiro zake, komanso kuteroko nkokwanira pa ukhondo. Ndipo ngati atafuna kugwiritsa ntchito mwala, zikukwanira kugwiritsa ntchito itatu mpaka atayeretsa malowo. Koma ngati miyala itatu sinakwanire, awonjezere wachinayi ndi wachisanu kufikira malowo ayere, ndipo ndibwino alekeze pa nambala ya witr yosagawidwa ndi nambala ya (2) molingana, chifukwa cha mawu a Mneneri swalla Allah alaih wasallam woti:
“Amene agwiritse ntchito miyala achite witr”.
Ndipo sikololedwa kupukutira dzanja lamanja, chifukwa cha mawu a Salman mu Hadith yake ywoti:
“Mtumiki wa Allah Muhammad swalla Allah alaih wasallam anatiletsa kuti mmodzi wa ife achite istinjaa ndi dzanja lake lamanja” ndi mawu ake swalla Allah alaih wasallam woti: “Mmodzi wa inu asagwire maliseche ake ndi dzanja lake lamanja pamene akukodza, ndipo asatikite chimbudzi ndi dzanja lake lamanja”
Ndipo ngati ali woduka dzanja lamanzere kapena liri ndi bala, kapena matenda ndi zina zotero, atha kugwiritsa ntchito dzanja lake lamanja. Ngati ataphatikiza kugwiritsa ntchito miyala ndi madzi ndi bwino kwambiri.
Poona kuti chipembedzo cha Chisilamu chiri ndi maziko ofewa, choncho Allah Subhaanah wa Ta’ala anawapeputsira anthu molingana ndi zifukwa zawo, ndi cholinga chwoti athe kuchita mapemphero popanda vuto. Allah Wapamwambamwamba wanena kuti:
وَمَا جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ
“Ndipo sadaike pa inu zinthu zolemera pachipembedzo” Sûrah Al Hajj, Âyah 78.
Wanenanso Subhaanah wa Ta’ala kuti:
يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ بِكُمُ الْيُسْرَ وَلَا يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ الْعُسْرَ
“Allah akukufunirani zofewa, ndipo sakukufunirani zovuta” Sûrah Al Baqarah Âyah 185.
Ndiponso wanena kuti:
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ
“Choncho muopeni Allah mmene mungathere” Sûrah Attaghaabun Âyah 16.
Mneneri swalla Allah alaih wasallam anati: kuti:
“Allah wanena ‘ndikakulamulani chinthu, chichiteni mmene mungathere’”
Ananenanso kuti:
‘Ndithu chipembedzo ndi chopepuka’.
Choncho wodwala ngati sangathe kudziyeretsa ndimadzi kuti achite Wudhu pochotsa janaba chifukwa cha kulephera kwake, kapena kuopa kwake kuonjezera matenda, kapena kuchedwa kuchila ku matendawo, iye achite tayammam ndipo tayammam ndiko kuti amenyetse kamodzi manja ake awiri padothi la twahara, ndipo apake nkhope yake, mkati mwa zala zake ndi zikhato zake ziwiri, chifukwa cha mawu Ake Subhaanah wa Ta’ala woti:
وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ جُنُبًا فَاطَّهَّرُوا وَإِنْ كُنْتُمْ مَرْضَى أَوْ عَلَى سَفَرٍ أَوْ جَاءَ أَحَدٌ مِنْكُمْ مِنَ الْغَائِطِ أَوْ لَامَسْتُمُ النِّسَاءَ فَلَمْ تَجِدُوا مَاءً فَتَيَمَّمُوا صَعِيدًا طَيِّبًا فَامْسَحُوا بِوُجُوهِكُمْ وَأَيْدِيكُمْ مِنْهُ
“Ngati muli ndi janaba dziyeretseni (sambani thupi lonse); ndipo ngati muli odwala kapena muli paulendo, kapena mmodzi wanu wachokera kokadzithandiza kapena mwakhalira limodzi ndi mkazi ndiye simudapeze madzi, chitani tayammam ndi dothi labwino ndipo pakani kunkhope zanu ndi mmanja mwanu”. Sûrah Al Maaidah Âyah 6.
Ndipo wolephera kugwiritsa ntchito madzi lamulo lake ndi lamulo la munthu amene sanapeze madzi, chifukwa cha mawu a Allah Subhaanah wa Ta’ala woti:
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ
“Choncho muopeni Allah mmene mungathere” Sûrah Attaghaabun Âyah 16.
Komanso chifukwa cha mawu ake swalla Allah alaih wasallam kumuuza Ammaar mwana wa Yasir kuti:
“Ndithu zikukwanira kuti ungolozera ndi manja ako chonchi…” kenako anamenya pa nthaka ndi manja ake kamodzi, kenako anapaka nkhope yake ndi manja ake.
Sikololedwa kuchita tayammam pokhapokha ndi dothi la twahara limene liri ndi fumbi. Ndipo tayammam singavomerezeke pokhapokha ndi niyyah, chifukwa cha mawu ake Mtumiki swalla Allah alaih wasallam woti:
“Ndithu ntchito iliyonse idzalipidwa molingana ndi zitsimikizo, ndithu munthu aliyense adzalipidwa zimene waikira Niyyah”.
1. Ngati matenda ake ndi apang’ono sakuopa kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kwoti mpaka kumuononga, matenda owopsya kapena ochedwa kuchila, kapena akuopa kuonjezera kuwawa, kapena chinthu china chake monga kuwawa kwa mutu, dzino ndi zina zotero, kapena matenda ali kwa munthu amene angathe kugwiritsa ntchito madzi ofunda ndipo sipakhala vuto kwa iye. Choncho woteroyu sikololedwa kwa iye kuchita tayammam. Chifukwa kuloleza tayammamko ndichifukwa chothetsa vuto, pamene kwa iye palibe vuto, chifukwanso iye atha kupeza madzi choncho nkofunika kuti agwiritse ntchito madziwo.
2. Ngati ali ndi matenda amene akuopa kuononga moyo kapena kuonongeka chiwalo, kapenanso kusowa phindu (la chiwalocho) tayammam ikuloledwa kwa iye; chifukwa cha mawu ake Subhaanah wa Ta’ala woti:
وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ
“Ndipo musadziphe nokha, ndithu Allah ali wachisoni ndi inu” Sûrah Al Nisaai Âyah 29.
3. Ngati ali ndi matenda woti sangathe kugwedezeka nawo, ndipo sanampeze wwoti angampatsire madzi, akuloledwa kuchita tayammam. Ngati sangathe kuchita tayammam ampangitse wina. Ngati wadzipaka thupi lake kapena zovala zake kapena chogonera chake ndi najs, ndipo sangathe kuehotsa najsiyo, kapena kudziyeretsa ku nyansizo: zikuloledwa kwa iye kupemphera mmene alirimo, chifukwa cha mawu Ake Subhaanah wa Ta’ala woti:
وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ
“Ndipo musadziphe nokha, ndithu Allah ali wachisoni ndi inu” Sûrah Al Nisaai Âyah 29.
Ndipo sikololedwa kwa iye kuchedwetsa Swalaat pa nthawi yake mulimonse mmene angakhalire chifukwa cha kulephera kwake kudziyeretsa kapena kuchotsa najs (nyansi).
4. Kwa amene ali ndi mabala kapena zilonda, kapena kuthyoka pena pake, kapena matenda amene kugwiritsa ntchito madzi kukhoza kumpatsa vuto ndipo wapeza janaba, zikuloledwa kwa iye kuchita tayammam, chifukwa cha mawumboni atsogola aja. Ndipo ngati zingam’thekere kusambitsa malo omwe ali abwino pathupi lake, padzafunika kutero ndipo kotsalirako achite tayammam.
5. Wodwala akakhala pamalo pwoti palibe madzi ngakhale dothi kapena palibe wwoti angam’bweretsere chimodzi mwaziwirizi, ndiye kuti iye angoswali momwe alirimo; sakuloledwa kuchedwetsa Swalaat panthawi yake, chifukwa cha mawu Ake Subhaanah wa Ta’ala woti:
وَلَا تَقْتُلُوا أَنْفُسَكُمْ
“Ndipo musadziphe nokha, ndithu Allah ali wachisoni ndi inu” Sûrah Al Nisaai Âyah 29.
6. Wodwala amene wapezeka ndi matenda a likodzo kapena matenda otuluka magazi mopitilira, kapena kutuluka mphweya (mopitilira), ndipo atamfunira mankhwala sanachire, woteroyo ndi wofunika kuti azichita Wudhu pa Swalaat iliyonse ikakwana nthawi ya Swalaat ndipo achape thupi ndi nsalu yake mmene mwafikira mkodzo kapena magazi, kapena asankhe nsalu ya twahara yongoswalira, ngati angathe kutero; chifukwa cha mawu Ake Subhaanah wa Ta’ala woti:
وَمَا جَعَلَ عَلَيْكُمْ فِي الدِّينِ مِنْ حَرَجٍ
“Ndipo sadaike pa inu zinthu zolemera pachipembedzo” Sûrah Al Hajj, Âyah 78.
Ndi mawu Akenso woti:
يُرِيدُ اللَّهُ بِكُمُ الْيُسْرَ وَلَا يُرِيدُ بِكُمُ الْعُسْرَ
“Allah akukufunirani zofewa, ndipo sakukufunirani zovuta” Sûrah Al Baqarah Âyah 185.
Komanso mawu ake swalla Allah alaih wasallam woti:
“Ndikakulamulani chinthu, chichiteni mmene mungathere”
Ndipo adzisamalire yekha kudzisamalira koletsa kufala mkodzo kapena magazi munsalu zake kapena thupi lake kapena malo ake oswalira.
Zikuloledwa kwa iye kuti achite chilichonse chimene angathe munthawi imeneyo, kuyambira Swalaat ndi kuwerenga Qur'an mu nsaafu mpaka nthawi ya Swalaat ithe. Ndipo nthawi ikatha nkofunika iye abwereze kuchita Wudhu kapena achite tayammam ngati sangathe kuchita Wudhu, chifukwa Mneneri swalla Allah alaih wasallam analamula mzimai wa nsambo kuti azichita Wudhu nthawi ya Swalaat iliyonse. Mzimai wa nsambo ndi amene magazi amapitilira kwa iye posakhala magazi a haidh (kusamba) tsopano mkodzo umene ungatuluke pa nthawiyo pambuyo pochita Wudhu ulibe vuto kwa iye ngati nthawi itakwana.
Ngati ali ndi bandeji imene ikufunika kuti ikhalebe pompo, adzangopakapo pochita Wudhu ndi posamba, nasambitsa kotsala kwa chiwalocho. Koma ngati kupaka pa bandeji kapena kusambitsa chiwalocho mogundana ndi bandejiyo kukumuvuta, zikum’kwanira kuti mmalo mwake achite tayammam, ndi kusambitsa mmalo amene akumuvutawo.
Ndipo tayammam itha kuonongeka ndi chilichonse chimene chimaononga Wudhu, ndi kukhala ndi mphamvu yogwiritsira ntchito madzi kapena kupezeka kwa madziwo pambuyo pwoti kunalibe.
Anthu ophunzira zachipembedzo anagwirizana kuti amene sangathe kuimilira poswali akuloledwa kupemphera chikhalire, ngati walephera kupemphera chikhalire ndithu iye apemphere atagona cha’mmbali nkhope yake atayang’anitsa ku Qiblah, ndipo ndi Sunnah kuti kugonako kukhale cha mbali yakumanja. Ngati atalephera kupemphera atagona cham’mbali apemphere chagada; chifukwa cha mawu ake a Mtumiki swalla Allah alaih wasallam pomuuza Imran mwana Huswain kuti:
“Upemphere uli chiimire, ngati sungathe, upemphere chikhalire, ngati sungathe upemphere utagona cham’mbali”
Ndipo m’buku la Nasai anaonjezera mu hadithiyi mawu woti:
“Ngati sungathe uswali chagada”
Ndipo amene akutha kuimilira koma akulephera kuchita ruku kapena sajda, ndizofunika kuti aimilirebe. Ndipo pa ruku angochita molozera, kenako akhale ndi kulozera pa sajda, chifukwa cha mawu Ake Subhanahu wata’ala woti:
حَافِظُوا عَلَى الصَّلَوَاتِ وَالصَّلَاةِ الْوُسْطَى وَقُومُوا لِلَّهِ قَانِتِينَ
“Sungani mokwanira Swalaat makamaka Swalaat yapakatikati; ndipo imilirani modzichepetsa kwa Allah.” Sûrah Al Baqarah Ayah 238
Komanso chifukwa cha mawu ake swalla Allah alaih wasallam woti: “Upemphere uli chiimilire”
Komanso chifukwa cha mawu a Allah woti:
فَاتَّقُوا اللَّهَ مَا اسْتَطَعْتُمْ
Choncho muopeni Allah mmene mungathere Surah Al Taghaabun Âyah 16
Ndipo ngati ali ndi matenda mmaso mwake, ndipo wokhulupirika mwa anthu wozindikira mankhwala wanena kuti: Ngati utapemphera chagada kutheka kuchira kupanda kutero sungachire, choncho nkololedwa iye kuti apemphere chagada.
Ndipo amene walephera kuchita ruku kapena kusujudu angochita molozera powerama pang’ono ndipo kulozera kwa pa Sajda adzawerame kwambiri kusiyana ndi pa ruku.
Ngati atalephera ku sujudu kokha, achite ruku ndipo alozere pa kusujudi.
Ngati sangathe kuweramitsa msana wake, aweramitse khosi lake, ndipo ngati msana wake uli wopindika kotero kuti amaoneka ngati ali pa ruku, nthawi imene angafune kuchita ruku awonjeze kuwerama kwakeko pang’ono, ndipo ayandikitse kwambiri nkhope yake pansi pochita Sajda, kusiyana ndi paruku mmene angathere.
Amene sangathe kulozera ndi mutu wake zimkwanira kuchita niyyah ndi mawu, ndipo lamulo la Swalaat silingachotsedwe kwa iye ngati nzeru zake ziri zokhazikika, mulimonse mmene angakhalire. Chifukwa cha mawumboni amene atsogola.
Nthawi iliyonse imene wodwala angakwanitse kuchita chimene amachilephera mkatikati mwa Swalaat, kuyambira kuimilira, kukhala, kuchita Sajda kapena kulozera, apite kuchimene akuchikwanitsacho ndipo apitirize pa zimene zadutsa kale mu Swalaat.
Wodwala kapena wosadwala akagona osapemphere, kapena waiwala Swalaat, nkofunika kuti iye apemphere akadzuka kuchokera mtulo, kapena akakumbukira. Ndipo sikololedwa kwa iye kuisiya Swalaat mpaka kulowanso nthawi ya Swalaat ina, chifukwa cha mawu ake a Mtumiki swalla Allahu alaih wasallam wwoti:
“Amene wagona wosapemphere kapena waiwala kupemphera, apemphere akaikumbukira Swalaatiyo ndipo palibe kulipira kwake koma kutero” ndipo anawerenga mawu Ake a Allah Subhaanah wa Ta’ala woti:
وَأَقِمِ الصَّلَاةَ لِذِكْرِي
“Pemphera Swalaat moyenera pondikumbukira” Sûrah Tâha, Âyah 14
Sikololedwa kusiya Swalaat munjira ina iliyonse, koma nkofunika munthu (aliyense) wamkulu kuti adzipereke kwambiri poswali m’masiku akudwala kwake ndi m’masiku a moyo wake wangwiro; Nkosaloledwa kusiya Swalaat ya fardh mpaka kudutsa nthawi yake ngakhale ali wodwala ngati nzeru zake ziri zokhazikika. Koma nkofunika iye apemphere Swalaatiyo munthawi yake mmene angathere. Ngati atasiya Swalaat daladala ali wozindikira, wamkulu, wamphamvu ywoti angathe kupemphera Swalaatiyo, ndiye kuti wachita tchimo. Ndipo gulu la anthu ophunzira ali ndi maganizo woti woteroyo ndi Kaafir; chifukwa cha mawu a Mneneri swalla Allah alaih wasallam woti:
“Chichitano chomwe chiripo pakati pa ife ndi iwo (makafir) ndi Swalaat, choncho amene aisiye Swalaat ndithu wakanira”.
Komanso chifukwa cha mawu ake swalla Allah alaih wasallam woti: “Mutu wa lamulo ndi Chisilamu, mzati wake ndi Swalaat, ndipo nsonga ya linunda lake ndi Jihad munjira ya Allah Subhaanah wa Ta’ala”
Komanso mawu a Mneneri swalla Allah alaih wasallam woti:
“Pakati pa munthu ndi pakati pa shirk ndi ukafir ndikusiya Swalaat”
Mawu amenewa ndichifukwa cha ma Âyah a m’Qur'an pankhani ya Swalaat ndi ma Hadith amene atchulidwa.
Ngati zitavuta kupemphera Swalaat iliyonse pa nthawi yake, atha kuphatikiza Al-Dhuhr ndi Al-Asr, Al-Maghrib ndi Al-Isha kuphatikiza kotsogoza kapena kochedwetsa, mmene angathere. Ngati angafune atha kutsogoza Al-Asr limodzi ndi Al-Dhuhr, ndipo atafuna atha kuchedwetsa Al-Dhuhr limodzi ndi Al-Asr, komanso ngati angafune atha kutsogoza Al-Isha limodzi ndi Al-Maghrib, ndiponso ngati atafuna atha kuchedwetsa Al-Maghrib limodzi ndi Al-Isha Koma Swalaat ya Al-Fajr singaphatikizidwe ndi Swalaat ya patsogolo kapena pambuyo pake chifukwa nthawi yake ndiyopatukana ndi nthawi ya patsogolo ndi pambuyo pake.
Izi ndi zina zokhudzana ndi makhalidwe a wodwala pa twahara yake ndi Swalaat yake.
Ndikupempha Allah Subhaanah wa Ta’ala kuti achize odwala a Chisilamu ndipo awachotsere machimo awo, komanso atipatse tonsefe zabwino pwotikhululukira ndi kutipatsa moyo wangwiro padziko lino lapansi ndi tsiku lomaliza; ndithu Iye ndi Wopereka mopanda malire.
Allah apereke madalitso ndi mtendere kwa Mneneri wathu Muhammad swalla Allah alaih wasallam ndi a kubanja lake, maswahaba ake onse ndi omutsatira ake mwaubwino mpaka tsiku la malipiro.
1. Hadith inachokera kwa Abu Huraira ndi Abu Saeed
AI-Khudri (Allah asangalale naye) kuchokera kwa Mneneri swalla Allah alaih wasallam, iye anati:
“Msilamu silingampeze vuto lirilonse ngakhale matenda, kaya madandaulo, chowawa ngakhalenso vuto lirilonse,, mpakanso minga imene angaiponde; pokhapokha kuti Allah amam’chotsera iye ndi mavutowo machimo ake”.
2. Hadith inachokera kwa mwana wa Mas’uud Allah asangalale naye iye anati: Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allah alaih wasallam anati:
“Palibe Msilamu amene lingam’peze vuto la kudwala ndi zina zotero koma Allah amachotsa ndi vuto limenelo machimo ake monga mmene mtengo umagwetsera masamba ake’.
3. Hadith inachokera kwa Mai Aaisha Allah asangalale naye iye anati: (Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allah alaih wasallam anati:
“Palibe vvuto lirilonse limene lingam’peze Msilamu koma Allah amachotsa nalo machimo mpaka minga imene amaiponda”.
4. Hadith inachokera kwa Abu Hurairah Allah asangalale naye, anati: Pamene inavumbuluka ayah ywoti:
مَنْ يَعْمَلْ سُوءًا يُجْزَ بِهِ
“Amene angachite choipa, adzalipidwa (nacho)…” Sûrah
Al-Nisaai: 123, zinandidandaulitsa kwambiri kuchokera kwa Asilamu, ndipo Mtumiki wa Allah anati:
“Yandikizanani ndipo tsekani mipata, ndipo vuto lirilonse limene amapezana nalo Msilamu ndikulipira kwa machimo, mpaka mwala umene ungamgwere, kapena minga imene angaiponde” Muslim
5. Hadith inachokera kwa Jabir mwana wa Abdullah, Allah asangalale naye, kuti Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allah alaih wasallam analowa mmene munali Ummu Saib ndipo anati:
“Mwatani mai ake a Saib mukunjenjemera?” Anati poyankha: “Ndikumva malungo, Allah asapereke mwai m’malungomo. Choncho Mtumiki anati: “Musatukwane malungo, chifukwa malungowo amachotsa machimo a ana Adam monga mmene mvukuto umachotsera litsiro la chitsulo” Muslim.
6. Hadith inachokera kwa amake Alau Allah asangalale naye, iwo anati: Pamene ine ndinadwała anadzandizonda Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allah alaih wasallam, ndipo anati:
“E inu amake Alau, sangalalani chifukwa kudwala kwa Msilamu Allah amachotsa nako machimo ake monga mmene umachotsera moto litsiro la golide ndi siliva” Abu Daud.
7. Hadith inachokera kwa Abu Huraira anati: Mtumiki wa Allah anati:
“Adzakhala alipobe mavuto kwa munthu wokhulupilira wamwamuna ndi wamkazi mwa iye mwini, mwa mwana wake ndi m’chuma chake, mpaka akakumana ndi Allah, iye alibe tchimo” Tirmidhi.
8. Hadith inachokera kwa Sarad mwana wa Abu Waqas Allah asangalale naye, Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allah alaih wasallam anati:
“Munthu adzakhalabe ali nawo mavuto mpaka adzamusiya akuyenda padziko alibe tchimo”. Tirmidhi.
9. Hadith inachokera kwa Aisha Allah asangalale naye, anati: Ndinamumva Mtumiki swalla llahu alayhi wasallam akunena kuti:
“Palibe msilamu amene angabaidwe ndi minga kapena choposera pa minga, koma amalembedwa ndi mingayo sitepe, ndikufutidwa nayo tchimo”. Muslim.
10. Hadith inachokera kwa Abu Saeed Allah asangalale naye, kuti Mtumiki wa Allah swalla Allah alaih wasallam anati:
“Kudwala mutu kwa wokhulupilira kapena minga imene angaponde, kapena kanthu kamene kangamuvutitse, Allah tsiku la Qiyama adzamunyamula ndi ulemerero ndipo adzamuchotsera machimo ake”.
Iwe m’bale wanga wodwala! Uwu ndi mtolo wa maluwa onunkhira umene takumwazira kuchokera mmaHadith a mneneri wovomerezeka, yemwe akusonyeza kukula kwa malipiro ako pamaso pa Allah, ngati iwe utapilira pa kudwala kwako ndipo wakumana ndi chikonzero cha Allah Subhaanah wa Ta’ala modzipereka ndi kukhutitsidwa mosaonetsa kusapilira ndi kuipidwa.
Kodi kusapilira, kuipidwa ndi kunena za matenda kukuthandiza chiyani? Ndithu zimenezo sizikuthandiza kanthu koma zikuonjezera kuwawa, kufooka ndi kuvutika moonjezera, koposa ukhale wopilira wofunitsitsa malipiro a Allah.
Imva izi iwe m’bale wanga wodwala, yamika Allah pamtendere umene wakupatsa, kuti akuchotsere nawo machimo ako, ndipo akuonjezere zabwino zako, ndi kukunyamulira nawo ulemelero wako.
M’bale wanga wodwala! Ndithu phindu la kudwala ndi mavuto, zimamuonetsera munthu kuti ngofooka bwanji angakhale ali ndi nyonga zochuluka, ngosauka bwanji ngakhale atakhala wolemera bwanji. Ndipo kuzindikira kumeneko kudzam’kumbutsa za Mbuye wake Wolemera, kulemera kwake kwakwanira, Wamphamvu amene amene wakwanira mumphamvu Zake; choncho nadzathawira kwa Mbuye wake, pambuyo pwoti anali wosamulabadira (Mbuye wake) ndipo adzasiya kulimbana naye ndi machimo pambuyo pwoti anabiramo (mmachimomo).
M’bale wanga wodwala! Phindu lina la kudwala ndi mavuto, ndithu kudwalako kumakuonetsa iweyo mtendere wa Allah umene uli pa iweyo ngati kuti sunauwonepo kale. Mkati modwala munthu amadziwa, kudziwa kwa choonadi, mtendere wa umoyo, amadziwanso kupyola kwake pa malire ndi mtendere umenewu umene Allah waupereka kwa iye m’zaka zambiri. Koma ngakhale zili choncho, sanapereke chiyamiko choyenera mtenderewo, ndichifukwa chake ayenera kulonjeza Mbuye wake pazimene adzakumane nazo muntchito yake kuti akhale woyamika mtendere, wopilira ndi mavuto.
M’bale wanga wodwala! Sindikufuna kuti ndikutalikitsire pamalo awa, ndipo zikukwanira zimene ndakubweretsera mmaHadith ovomerezeka, olongosola ubwino wa kudwala ndi kupilira pa mavuto kwa wokhulupilira, wopilira.
M’bale wanga wodwala! Mneneri Muhammad swalla Allah alaihi wasallam ananena kuti:
“Matenda aliwonse ali ndi mankhwala, awazindikira amene awazindikira mankhwalawo ndipo sanawadziwe amene sanawadziwe”.
Ndipo mankhwala aakulu mwa mankhwala onse amene amachotsa matenda (osiyanasiyana) ndipo amachiritsa, ndimankhwala a uzimu ochokera mma aayah a Qur'an ndi madua a Mneneri. Allah Wapamwambamwamba wanena kuti:
وَنُنَزِّلُ مِنَ الْقُرْآنِ مَا هُوَ شِفَاءٌ وَرَحْمَةٌ لِلْمُؤْمِنِينَ
“Ndipo tikuvumbulutsa m'Qur'an zomwe ziri zochiritsa komanso ndi chifundo kwa okhulupilira” Sûrah Al Israai Âyah 82.
Ndiponso wanena Allah Subhaanah wa Ta’la kuti:
قُلْ هُوَ لِلَّذِينَ آمَنُوا هُدًى وَشِفَاءٌ
“Nena: (Buku) limeneli ndi chiongoko komanso chochiritsa kwa okhulupilira.” Sûrah Fusswilat Âyah 44
Ndipo dziwa ena mwa mapemphero a Sharia amene utha kudzipempherera nawo wekha kapena kukupempherera nawo wina:-
1. Kuwerenga Sûrah Al-Faatiha (kamodzi kapena kasanu ndi kawiri).
2. Kuwerenga Sûrah ya 113 ndi ya 114 (katatu).
3. Asisite ndi dzanja lake la manja pa thupi lake uku akunena kuti:
اذهب الله البأس رب الناس واشف أنت الشافي
Tanthauzo: “E Mbuye wa anthu! Chotsani vuto ndipo chiritsani, ndinu Wochiritsa, palibe kuchiritsa kothandiza koma kuchiritsa kwanu, kuchiritsa kosasiya matenda aliwonse.”
4. Kunena dua iyi:
أسأل الله العظيم رب العرش العظيم أن يشفيك
Tanthauzo: “Ndikupempha Allah Wamkulu, Mwini Mpando Wachifumu Waukulu, kuti akuchiritse.” (Kasanu ndi kawiri).
5. Kunena kuti:
بسْمِ اللهِ أَرْقِيكَ، مِنْ كُلِّ شَيْءٍ يُؤْذِيكَ، مِنْ شَرِّ كُلِّ نَفْسٍ أَوْ عَيْنِ حَاسِدٍ، اللهُ يَشْفِيكَ بِاسْمِ اللهِ أَرْقِيكَ
Tanthauzo: “M’dzina la Allah ndikukupemphelera ku chilichonse chimene chikukuvutitsa, ku zoipa za munthu aliyense ndi diso la wakaduka, Allah akuchiritse, M’dzina la Allah ndikukupempherera.”
6. Kuika dzanja pamalo omwe akuwawa mthupi kenako anene kuti: “بسْمِ اللهِ Bismillah” (katatu), kenako anene kuti:
أعوذ بالله وقدرته من شر ما أجد وأحاذر
Tanthauzo: “Ndikudzitchinjiriza ndi ulemerero wa Allah ndi mphamvu Yake ku zopweteka zimene ndikuzimva ndipo ndikupewa”. (Kasanu ndi kawiri).
7. Kunena kuti:
أعوذ بكلمات الله التامات من شر ما خلق
Tanthauzo: “Ndikudzitchinjiriza ndi mawu a Allah okwanira ku zoipa zimene walenga.”
8. Kunena kuti:
أعوذ بكلمات الله التَّامات من غضبه، وعقابه، وشرِّ عباده، ومن همزات الشَّياطين، وأن يحضرون
Tanthauzo: “Ndikudzitchinjiriza ndi mawu a Allah okwanira ku ukali Wake ndi chilango Chake ndi zoipa za akapolo Ake, ndi manong’onong’o a asatana, ndi kuti asandibwerere.”
9. Kunena kuti:
أعوذ بكلمات الله التامة من كل شيطان وهامة ومن كل عين لامة
Tanthauzo: “Ndikudzitchinjiriza ndi mawu a Allah okwanira ku satana aliyense ndi mankhwala akupha (poisoni) aliwonse, ndi diso lirilonse loipa.”
10. Kunena kuti:
بسم الله الذي لا يضر مع اسمه شيء في الأرض ولا في السماء وهو السميع العليم
Tanthauzo: “M’dzina la Allah Amene chilichonse sichingachite kanthu pamodzi ndi dzina Lake pansi ngakhale kumwamba ndipo Iye Ngwakumva Ngodziwa (katatu).
Pomaliza, أسأل الله العظيم رب العرش العظيم أن يشفيك “Ndikupempha Allah Wamkulu Mwini Mpando waukulu wa Chifumu, kuti akuchiritse ndiponso akupatse moyo wangwiro ndi mtendere.”
Ndipo mtendere, chisoni cha Allah ndi madalitso Ake akhale kwa inu.